Isolation drives species gains and losses of insect metacommunities over time in a mountaintop forest archipelago

Aim: We evaluated the effects of forest island size, isolation, and area in the landscape driving temporal changes of insect biodiversity in a mountaintop forest archipelago. We tested the following hypotheses: (i) changes in insect species composition is higher and dominated by species gains through time in smaller but less isolated forest islands; (ii) larger amounts of forest in the landscape result in higher gains of more vagile species over time, regardless of their size and isolation; (iii) heterogenization processes will prevail in less vagile groups, while homogenization processes will dominate in highly vagile groups due to differences in dispersal capability. Location: Espinhaço Range Biosphere Reserve, Brazil. Taxon: Insects. Methods: We used ants, dung beetles, bees, wasps, and butterflies as study models to represent a gradient of low-to-high dispersal capability. We evaluated the colonization- and extirpation-resultant components of temporal β-diversity using area- and iso..., , , # Title of Dataset: Insect\_Capoes\_PELD-CRSC *** This dataset contains occurrence data for five groups of insect species (S=277 species; ants, bees, butterflies, dung beetles, and wasps in columns titled as \"Species\") in natural forest islands (capes de mata, coded C01 to C14 in lines titled as \"Group\") in Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. These forest islands are common on mountaintops of at least 1200 m a.s.l. and have a floristic composition similar to the semi-deciduous forests associated with the Atlantic Forest domain. We sampled the insects in 14 forest islands, which differed in size, distances from each other, and distances from a continuous forest (i.e., possible species source). In the central region of each forest island, we installed a 20-50 m plot, where specific traps were installed for each insect group. We sampled insects during the summers (January or February, middle of the rainy season) of 2014, 2015, 2018, and 2020, coded as \"Year\". In 2014 and 2015, we were u...研究目标：本研究旨在评估山顶森林群岛景观中，森林岛的大小、隔离度及景观面积对昆虫生物多样性时间动态变化的驱动效应。我们验证了以下假说：(i) 小型且隔离度更低的森林岛中，昆虫物种组成的变化幅度更高，且随时间推移以物种新增为主导；(ii) 景观内森林覆盖面积越高，随时间推移扩散能力较强的物种种群新增量越高，且不受该森林岛自身大小与隔离度的影响；(iii) 受扩散能力差异的影响，扩散能力较弱的昆虫类群将以异质化过程为主导，而扩散能力较强的类群则以均质化过程为主导。 研究区域：巴西埃斯皮尼亚苏山脉生物圈保护区（Espinhaço Range Biosphere Reserve）。 研究类群：昆虫（Insects）。 研究方法：本研究选取蚂蚁、粪金龟、蜜蜂、胡蜂及蝴蝶作为研究类群，以代表扩散能力从低到高的梯度。我们通过面积与隔离度相关指标，分析了时间性β多样性（β-diversity）中由物种迁入与局部灭绝所导致的组分变化。 # 数据集标题：Insect_Capoes_PELD-CRSC 本数据集包含巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州锡波山脉（Serra do Cipó）内自然森林岛（当地称为capes de mata，在"Group"列中以C01至C14编码）中5类昆虫的出现数据，共记录277个物种，物种信息在"Species"列中分为蚂蚁、蜜蜂、蝴蝶、粪金龟及胡蜂类群。这些森林岛广泛分布于海拔至少1200米的山顶区域，其植物区系组成与大西洋森林生物群区相关联的半常绿阔叶林相似。我们对14个存在大小、相互间距以及与连续森林（即潜在物种源）间距差异的森林岛开展了昆虫采样：在每个森林岛的中心区域设置20至50米的样地，并为每类昆虫布设专属诱捕装置。采样分别于2014、2015、2018及2020年的夏季（1月或2月，雨季中期）开展，采样年份以"Year"字段编码。2014年与2015年的采样工作……