A dataset of daily carbon flux in a Quercus variabilis plantation in Xiaolangdi from 2011 to 2020

China's planted forests ranks first in the world and plays an important role in mitigating climate change and promoting regional carbon cycling. The South Taihang mountain area is an important part of the key ecological regions along the Yellow River in China. The study on the observation of carbon flux in the plantation in this area is of great significance for understanding the impact mechanism of climate change on forest carbon sinks in the key ecological regions along the Yellow River. Quercus variabilis is one of the most widely distributed natural tree species in China, and is also the major tree species for afforestation in mountainous areas. It has extremely high economic and ecological value. This dataset is the daily carbon flux data product of Quercus variabilis plantation ecosystem accumulated by Henan Xiaolangdi Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station from 2011 to 2020. It covers the data of net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE), ecosystem respiration (RE), and gross ecosystem primary productivity (GPP). The processing procedures of this dataset referred to the standard quality control system of ChinaFLUX. This dataset can provide support for analyzing the response and mechanism of plantation in this region to global climate change, and also provide a foundation for carbon sink management of plantation in the key ecological regions along the Yellow River.