The aim of the presented study was examination of the in vitro effect of PPARγ ligands (natural or synthetic agonists and antagonist) on the global transcriptome profile in the porcine endometrium during LPS-stimulated inflammation on 18-20 days of the estrous cycle using RNA-Seq method.. The row reads of the porcine inflamed endometrium during follicular phase of the estrous cycle treated with the PPAR gamma ligands.

Inflammation is a biological reaction to disrupted tissue homeostasis, caused by different interfering factors. During the past years, many evidences highlighted the importance of inflammation in the development of different pathologies including those occurring in the reproductive system. The aim of the presented study was examination of the in vitro effect of PPARγ ligands on the transcriptome profile in the porcine endometrium during LPS-stimulated inflammation on 18-20 days of the estrous cycle. In addition, the effect of PPARγ ligands on alternative splicing events and long noncoding mRNA was analyzed. Endometrial slices were incubated in vitro in the presence of lipopolysaccharide and PPARγ agonists, 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐prostaglandin J 2 (PGJ 2 ), or pioglitazone and PPARγ antagonist T0070907. The transcriptome profile was determined by RNA-Seq method. The study revealed that incubation of endometrial tissue with PGJ 2 or pioglitazone upregulated the expression of 181 and 476 genes, and downregulated 19 and 123 respectively. Moreover, we have shown 452 upregulated and 105 downregulated DEGs after T0070907 administration. The results revealed the engagement of PPARγ ligands in various immunological processes, including IL-1β production, IL-17 signaling pathway, defense response. Moreover, we have determined the effect of the tested ligands on alternative splicing in key genes, which play a crucial role in the regulation of oxidative stress. Furthermore, we identified DElncRNA that positively regulated genes engaged in the regulation of inflammatory response.