Stable isotope and trace element data for a Siderastrea siderea coral core CIM_C_2-2-1/CIM_C_2-2-2 from the Gulf of Mexico@en

Massive corals act as a climate archive for the tropical oceans. They can provide valuable information in regions that have no or limited observations such as the southern Gulf of Mexico (GOM), where there is almost no information reaching back to preindustrial times on sea surface temperature (SST) or sea surface salinity (SSS) available. For the reconstruction of SST and SSS in the southern GOM the massive coral Siderastrea siderea was cored in 2005 providing a time window into the past reaching from 1845 to 2005 CE. The coral core was cut and X-rayed and bimothly samples were drilled with a Proxxon drill and 0.4 mm diamant coated drill bit. Oxygen isotopes were measured at the MARUM facilities in Bremen with a Finnigan MAT 251 and Finningan Mat 253plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Trace element analysis was done at the ZMT facilities in Bremen on a Plasma Quant MS Elite Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometer. The Dataset also includes reconstructed δ18OSW after data Ren et al. (2002) as well as the detrended δ18OSW dataset and Pseudo Coral model data (Thompson et al., 2011). The age model for the dataset was interpolated using the Arand software Ager and Timer (Howell et al., 2006). Outliers were identified with the detection method provided by Chen and Liu (1993).大型珊瑚可作为热带海洋的古气候档案。它们可为观测数据匮乏或无观测记录的区域提供珍贵的古气候信息，例如墨西哥湾南部（GOM）；该区域几乎不存在可追溯至工业化前的海表温度（Sea Surface Temperature, SST）与海表盐度（Sea Surface Salinity, SSS）的有效观测数据。为重建墨西哥湾南部的海表温度与海表盐度，研究人员于2005年对大型珊瑚盾形滨珊瑚（Siderastrea siderea）进行了岩芯采样，该岩芯覆盖了公元1845年至2005年的古气候时间序列。该珊瑚岩芯经切割与X光扫描后，使用普克森（Proxxon）钻机及0.4毫米金刚石涂层钻头进行每两个月一次的样品钻取。氧同位素测试在不来梅的MARUM实验设施中完成，所用仪器为Finnigan MAT 251型与Finnigan MAT 253plus型同位素比率质谱仪。微量元素分析则在不来梅的ZMT实验设施中完成，使用的仪器为Plasma Quant MS Elite型电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometer）。本数据集还包含基于Ren等人（2002）的研究重建的海水氧同位素δ¹⁸O_SW（δ18OSW）数据、去趋势化后的δ¹⁸O_SW数据集，以及伪珊瑚模型数据（Thompson等人，2011）。本数据集的年代模型通过Arand软件旗下的Ager与Timer工具进行插值生成（Howell等人，2006）。异常值通过Chen与Liu（1993）提出的检测方法进行识别。