Data for a research article "Algal laboratory evolution at a cold temperature leads to overproduction of lipid under both cold and warm conditions"

We working with Chlorella sorokiniana isolates from an earlier laboratory evolution experiment, in which algal populations have evolved under either constantly benign (25°C) or constantly cold conditions (15°C). The growth performance and lipid content per cell of each algal isolate were measured at both temperatures. We measured the growth rate, cell density, chlorophyll-a content, lipid yield, and lipid content per cell of each isolate and ancestral strain at 15 ℃ and 25 ℃ in the laboratory. The selection response values for each trait were calculated. Selection response values (log response ratio) were calculated as standardized measures of evolutionary changes relative to the ancestral strain. We identified that the specific combination of "cold-evolved" algae cultivated under "benign" conditions yields extremely high population-level lipid productivity. Besides, adaptation to cold did not incur a cost in benign environments, and increased lipid content was not associated with a reduced growth rate.本研究使用的索氏小球藻（Chlorella sorokiniana）分离株取自一项早期实验室演化实验：该实验中，藻类种群分别在持续适宜温度（25℃）或持续低温（15℃）条件下完成演化。研究人员在两种温度条件下，测定了每株藻类分离株的生长性能与单位细胞脂质含量。本研究于实验室条件下，在15℃与25℃环境中，测定了每株分离株及祖先菌株的生长速率、细胞密度、叶绿素a（chlorophyll-a）含量、脂质产率及单位细胞脂质含量。研究人员计算了各性状的选择响应值：选择响应值（对数响应比）以相对于祖先菌株的演化变化标准化度量方式进行计算。本研究发现，将「低温演化」藻类置于「适宜」环境中培养时，可获得极高的种群级脂质产率。此外，对低温环境的适应并未在适宜环境中产生适合度代价，且脂质含量提升与生长速率降低无显著关联。