Glioblastoma tumorspheres treated with perphenazine (PER) and temozolomide (TMZ)

Glioblastoma (GBM), a primary malignant brain tumor, has a poor prognosis, even with standard treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, we explored the anticancer effects of the synergistic combination of perphenazine (PER), a dopamine receptor D2/3 (DRD2/3) antagonist, and temozolomide (TMZ), a standard treatment for GBM, in patient-derived human GBM tumorspheres (TSs). Overall design: GBM TSs were treated with PER, TMZ, and combined of both, then their respective gene expression was measured by RNA sequencing.