NUOnet (Nutrient Use and Outcome Network) database

NUOnet Vision: Efficient use of nutrients to optimize production and product quality of food for animals and humans, fuel and fiber in a sustainable manner that contributes to ecosystem services. Best nutrient management practices are critical for maintaining profitable economic returns, sustaining higher yields, lowering environmental impacts, optimizing nutritional quality, and providing ecosystem services. Best management practices that improve nutrient use efficiencies can reduce nutrient losses from agricultural systems. However, we need to improve our understanding of biological, physical and chemical influences on nutrient processes. For instance, crop use efficiency of nitrogen (N), the primary macronutrient regulating yield and protein content, can be reduced by processes such as denitrification (N2O and N2 emission), leaching (NH4-N, NO3-N, and organic-N), ammonia (NH3-N,) volatilization, surface runoff and erosion, disease, and non-crop competition. Similarly, we need to obtain more information about biological and physical cycles of nutrients, especially phosphorus (P), including factors that influence nutrient availability from fertilizers, crop residues, cover crops, manures, and other byproducts. We need a better understanding of relationships between soil biological communities and ecosystems, including plant roots and root exudates, and availability and uptake of macro- and micro-nutrients. In addition, we need information regarding how these practices impact yields, organoleptic qualities, and the macro- and micro-nutritional composition of plants. This information will improve our ability to develop best nutrient management practices. See the NUOnet Home Page for more information about this database and strategic goals.NUOnet愿景：以可持续方式高效利用养分（nutrient），优化畜禽与人类食用食品、燃料及纤维的生产与产品品质，同时助力生态系统服务功能。 最优养分管理实践对于维持盈利性经济收益、保持较高产量、降低环境影响、优化营养品质以及提供生态系统服务均至关重要。可提升养分利用效率的最优管理实践，能够减少农业系统中的养分流失。然而，我们仍需加深对影响养分循环过程的生物、物理及化学因素的认知。例如，氮（N）是调控作物产量与蛋白质含量的主要大量营养元素（macronutrient），反硝化作用（denitrification，排放一氧化二氮N₂O与氮气N₂）、淋溶作用（leaching，涉及铵态氮NH₄-N、硝态氮NO₃-N及有机氮）、氨（NH₃-N）挥发、地表径流与土壤侵蚀、病害以及非作物竞争等过程，均会降低作物对氮的利用效率。 类似地，我们还需获取更多关于养分（尤其是磷（P））的生物与物理循环的相关信息，包括影响肥料、作物残体、覆盖作物、粪肥及其他农业副产物中养分有效性的各类因素。我们还需进一步明晰土壤生物群落与生态系统之间的关联，包括植物根系及其根际分泌物（root exudates），以及大量与微量营养元素的有效性与吸收机制。此外，我们还需要相关数据，以明确这些实践措施如何影响作物产量、感官品质（organoleptic qualities）以及植物的大量与微量营养成分组成。此类信息将有助于我们优化最优养分管理实践的研发能力。 如需了解该数据库与战略目标的更多信息，请访问NUOnet主页。