IGFBP3 promotes glioblastoma proliferation and invasion by regulating PD-L1 expression through the STAT3 signaling pathway

In this investigation, we found that IGFBP3 expression was strongly correlated with the capacity of proliferation and invasion of GBM cells. We further showed that IGFBP3 regulates PD-L1 expression through the STAT3 signaling pathway. Altogether, these results furnish a theoretical basis for overcoming the immune tolerance related to IGFBP3 expression in GBM.