Rodent Research-1 (RR1) NASA Validation Flight: Mouse quadriceps muscle transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenomic data

NASA's Rodent Research (RR) project is playing a critical role in advancing biomedical research on the physiological effects of space environments. Due to the limited resources for conducting biological experiments aboard the International Space Station (ISS), it is imperative to use crew time efficiently while maximizing high-quality science return. NASA's GeneLab project has as its primary objectives to 1) further increase the value of these experiments using a multi-omics, systems biology-based approach, and 2) disseminate these data without restrictions to the scientific community. The current investigation assessed viability of RNA, DNA, and protein extracted from archived RR-1 tissue samples for epigenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic assays. During the first RR spaceflight experiment, a variety of tissue types were harvested from subjects, snap-frozen or RNAlater-preserved, and then stored at least a year at -80C after return to Earth. They were then prioritized for this investigation based on likelihood of significant scientific value for spaceflight research. All tissues were made available to GeneLab through the bio-specimen sharing program managed by the Ames Life Science Data Archive and included mouse adrenal glands, quadriceps, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, soleus, eye, and kidney. We report here protocols for and results of these tissue extractions, and thus, the feasibility and value of these kinds of omics analyses. In addition to providing additional opportunities for investigation of spaceflight effects on the mouse transcriptome and proteome in new kinds of tissues, our results may also be of value to program managers for the prioritization of ISS crew time for rodent research activities.

美国国家航空航天局（National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA）的啮齿动物研究（Rodent Research, RR）项目，在推动太空环境生理效应相关生物医学研究的进程中发挥着关键作用。鉴于在国际空间站（International Space Station, ISS）上开展生物实验的资源十分有限，因此必须高效利用机组人员的作业时间，同时最大化实现高质量的科学产出。美国国家航空航天局的GeneLab项目核心目标有二：其一，采用多组学、基于系统生物学的研究方法，进一步提升此类实验的科学价值；其二，无限制地向全球科学界开放分享相关实验数据。本项研究针对存档的RR-1组织样本展开评估，验证从中提取的RNA、DNA与蛋白质用于表观基因组学（epigenomics）、转录组学（transcriptomics）和蛋白质组学（proteomics）分析的活性。在首次RR太空飞行实验期间，研究人员从实验对象体内采集了多种组织样本，经快速冷冻或RNAlater保存液处理后，于返回地球时在-80℃的环境中储存了至少一年。随后，研究人员根据这些样本在太空飞行研究中潜在的重大科学价值，对其进行优先级排序以用于本项研究。所有组织样本均通过由艾姆斯生命科学数据档案馆（Ames Life Science Data Archive）管理的生物标本共享计划提供给GeneLab项目，样本涵盖小鼠肾上腺、股四头肌、腓肠肌、胫骨前肌、趾长伸肌、比目鱼肌、眼部组织以及肾脏。本文报告了此类组织样本提取的实验方案与结果，由此证实了此类组学分析的可行性与应用价值。本研究结果不仅为探究太空环境对小鼠新型组织中转录组与蛋白质组的影响提供了更多研究契机，同时也可为项目管理者优化国际空间站机组人员用于啮齿类动物研究活动的时间分配提供参考依据。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集来自NASA Rodent Research-1验证飞行任务，专注于从小鼠股四头肌等组织提取的转录组、蛋白质组和表观基因组数据，旨在通过多组学方法评估空间环境对生理的影响。数据通过GeneLab项目无限制共享，支持科学界研究空间飞行对小鼠生物分子的影响，并验证了从长期存档样本中进行组学分析的可行性，为国际空间站上的啮齿动物研究提供科学依据。