Data from: "De novo transcriptome assembly and polymorphism detection in ecological important widely distributed Neotropical toads from the Rhinella marina species complex (Anura: Bufonidade)" in Genomic Resources Notes Accepted 1 August 2014-30 September 2014

The toads Rhinella marina and R. schneideri are large terrestrial true toads widely distributed in the Neotropical region, which can hybridize in areas of transition between Amazon rain forest and Cerrado biomes. The former is in particular an important ecological species, and a very successful invader. Here, we report de novo transcriptome of R. marina and R. schneideri and polymorphism SNPs identified between the two species. The transcriptome sequencing was performed on an Illumina platform using five individuals livers mRNA samples for each specie. A total of 554,474,410 and 554,276,922 sequencing reads were collected and assembled into 199,799 and 172,671 transcripts with N50 lengh of 3106bp and 3106bp for R. marina and R. schnedeiri respectively. A total of 709,193 SNPs were identified and characterize for both species. This transcriptome and SNPs will facilitate studies on hybridization and adaptation of the Rhinella complex but also various ecological and evolutionary studies of other amphibians as few transcriptome data are available.海蟾蜍（Rhinella marina）与施氏棱皮蟾（R. schneideri）均为大型陆生真蟾蜍，广泛分布于新热带区，二者可在亚马逊雨林与塞拉多生物群系的过渡地带发生自然杂交。其中海蟾蜍是具有重要生态意义的物种，同时也是极具入侵性的成功物种。本研究报道了海蟾蜍与施氏棱皮蟾的从头转录组（de novo transcriptome），以及二者之间鉴定得到的单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNP）位点。转录组测序依托Illumina测序平台完成，每个物种选取5只个体的肝脏mRNA样本进行建库测序。本次测序共计获得554,474,410与554,276,922条测序读段，分别组装得到199,799条与172,671条转录本，海蟾蜍与施氏棱皮蟾的转录本N50长度均为3106bp。本研究共鉴定并表征了两个物种的709,193个SNP位点。本研究产出的转录组数据与SNP位点，将为棱皮蟾复合群的杂交与适应性研究提供重要支撑，同时也可助力其他两栖类的各类生态与进化相关研究——当前两栖类可用的转录组数据仍较为匮乏。