The Relationship of Safety and Health Management Practices on Employees’ Performance in Manufacturing Firms at Penang, Malaysia

This study evaluated the relationship between welfare management practices, emergency management practices, and safe workplace environment practices on employees' performance in manufacturing firms in Penang, Malaysia. A sample size of 222 respondents was taken from 28 electrical manufacturing firms with a 6322 population and 361 samples to examine the relationship. A questionnaire was designed for data collection to measure welfare management practices, emergency management practices, and safe workplace environment practices on employees' performance in manufacturing firms. A stratified sampling method was used, and the data was analyzed using SmartPls 3.7.8. The study showed that welfare management practices, emergency management practices, and safe work environment practices have a significant relationship with employees' performance in manufacturing firms. However, the limitation of this study only covers electrical manufacturing firms. Suggested for future study focus on electronic, plastic, and fabricated manufacturing firms to be more effective in improving manufacturing firms' safety and health practices.本研究针对马来西亚槟城地区制造企业中，福利管理实践（Welfare Management Practices）、应急管理实践（Emergency Management Practices）与安全工作环境实践（Safe Workplace Environment Practices）对员工绩效（Employees' Performance）的影响关系展开评估。研究从28家电气制造企业的6322名总员工中，计划抽取361份样本以检验变量间关联，最终纳入222名受访者作为有效样本。研究设计专用调查问卷开展数据采集，以测量上述三类实践对制造企业员工绩效的影响。本研究采用分层抽样法（Stratified Sampling Method）进行抽样，并使用SmartPls 3.7.8工具完成数据分析。研究结果表明，福利管理实践、应急管理实践与安全工作环境实践均与制造企业员工绩效存在显著相关关系。但本研究存在一定局限性，仅聚焦于电气制造企业。建议未来研究可将样本拓展至电子、塑料及金属制品制造企业，以更高效地优化制造企业的安全与健康管理实践。