Model-ready monthly NDVI data cube for central Shanghai (2012–2024)

Cleaned, model-ready monthly NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data cube for a ~16 km area of central Shanghai (121.40–121.55°E, 31.15–31.30°N), 2012–2024, at 250 m resolution (67×67 grid, 156 monthly timesteps). Derived from MODIS MOD13Q1 via Google Earth Engine: quality-masked, composited to monthly means, and gap-filled by per-pixel temporal interpolation. Includes an observed boolean mask marking which pixels are real satellite observations versus gap-filled values, so that filled values can be excluded from model training and evaluation. Companion to the urban-ndvi-forecast repository. Stored as a zipped Zarr array.