Snowpack gas concentrations, Toolik Lake, Alaska, 2011-2016

Atmospheric surface ozone (O3) was measured at Toolik Lake, Alaska, from September 2010 to August 2011, along with winter and springtime (January–May) measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM). Air-snow exchange fluxes of O3 and NOx (NO+NO2) were measured to capture effects of changing insulation, and snowpack properties at Toolik. Measurements include O3, GEM, and NOx levels and gradients both within and above the snowpack and eddy-correlation O3 fluxes at two heights above the snowpack; ancillary measurements characterized atmospheric turbulence, actinic flux, micrometeorological parameters and the snowpack's physical and radiative properties. GEM measurements, along with snowpack O3 and NOx were used to characterize and compare ozone depletion events at Toolik Lake and Barrow, Alaska. Ongoing measurements of surface O3 and meteorological parameters began in September 2014.