VCF from: Genetic evidence of female philopatry in a socially polyandrous shorebird

Sex-biased dispersal plays a key role in shaping population dynamics and genetic structure. Two main hypotheses have been proposed for how territoriality and mating competition impact sex-biased dispersal. Female-biased dispersal is expected in monogamous systems with male resource defense, whereas male-biased dispersal is expected in polygynous systems with male competition over mates. However, patterns of sex-biased dispersal in socially polyandrous species, where females compete for both territories and mates, remain poorly understood. We investigated sex-biased dispersal in two polyandrous Jacana species across Central America, the Northern Jacana (Jacana spinosa) and Wattled Jacana (J. jacana), which exhibit intense female-female competition for territories and mates and differ in the strength of sexual selection. We analyzed sex-biased dispersal by assessing genetic differentiation and individual assignment indices to determine the probability of an individual being a recent immig..., , # VCF from: Genetic evidence of female philopatry in a socially polyandrous shorebird

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.tdz08kq8x](10.5061/dryad.tdz08kq8x)

## Description of the data and file structure

We used genotype-by-sequencing for 271 Northern and Wattled Jacana samples from 15 localities in Costa Rica and Panama. Raw sequences were filtered and aligned to a Northern Jacana Hi-C reference genome using Stacks, BWA, and Samtools. A SNP catalog was generated, and putative hybrids were excluded to avoid confounding effects. Attempts to identify uniparental markers were limited by the sequencing approach, yielding few W-linked SNPs and no mitochondrial DNA. After excluding sex-linked scaffolds, we created four VCF files (males and females per species) and applied filtering for allele frequency, linkage disequilibrium, indels, and missing data.

### Files and variables

#### File: jacana\_jacana\_female.recode.vcf

**Description:** Filtered VCF containing biallelic SNPs with a minor allele...,