Influence of synthetic abscisic acid (ABA) seed coating on seed germination rate and timing of Bluebunch wheatgrass

Semi-arid rangeland degradation is a reoccurring issue throughout the world. In the Great Basin of North America, seeds sown in the fall to restore degraded sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) steppe plant communities may experience high mortality in winter due to exposure of seedlings to freezing temperatures and other stressors. Delaying germination until early spring when conditions are more suitable for growth may increase survival. We evaluated the use of BioNikTM (Valent BioSciences LLC) synthetic abscisic acid (S-ABA) to delay germination of bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata). Seed was either left untreated or coated at five separate rates of S-ABA ranging from 0.25 - 6.0 g 100 g-1 of seed. Seeds were incubated at five separate constant temperatures from 5-25 °C. From the resultant germination data, we developed quadratic thermal accumulation models for each treatment and applied them to four-years of historic soil moisture and temperature data across six sagebrush steppe site...