Sex-specific responses of phenotypic diversity to environmental variation

Identifying the factors generating ecomorphological diversity within species can provide a window into the nascent stages of ecological radiation. Sexual dimorphism is an obvious axis of intraspecific morphological diversity that could affect how environmental variation leads to ecological divergence among populations. In this paper we test for sex-specific responses in how environmental variation generates phenotypic diversity within species, using the generalist lizard Gallotia galloti on Tenerife (Canary Islands). We evaluate two hypotheses: the first proposes that different environments have different phenotypic optima, leading to shifts in the positions of populations in morphospace between environments; the second posits that the strength of trait-filtering differs between environments, predicting changes in the volume of morphospace occupied by populations in different environments. We found that intraspecific morphological diversity, provided it is adaptive, arises from both shi...厘清物种内部生态形态多样性（ecomorphological diversity）的产生驱动因子，可为生态辐射的初始阶段提供重要研究窗口。性二态性（sexual dimorphism）是物种内形态多样性的一个显著维度，其可能会影响环境变异如何推动种群间产生生态分化。本研究以加那利群岛特内里费岛上的广食性蜥蜴加洛蒂蜥（Gallotia galloti）为研究对象，检验环境变异驱动物种内部表型多样性（phenotypic diversity）过程中的性别特异性响应。我们验证两项假说：第一项假说提出，不同环境具有差异化的表型最适值，进而导致不同环境下种群在形态空间（morphospace）中的位置发生偏移；第二项假说则认为，不同环境下的性状过滤强度存在差异，据此可预测不同环境中种群所占据的形态空间体积会发生变化。本研究发现，若物种内部的形态多样性具备适应性，则其形成源于两种……