DIGITAL COMPETENCES IN EDUCATION: A DISCUSSION OF THE CONCEPT

ABSTRACT: This article provides a systematic review of the concept of Digital Competences (DC) in Education. Three databases were used: Capes Thesis and Dissertation Database, Capes Journal Database, and Google Scholar using the keywords Digital Competences, Digital Competence (in Portuguese) and Digital Competence (in English). Publications from 1997 to 2017 were used, excluding repetitive texts. Of the 487 total publications found, 40 were analyzed based their relation to the area and general interest. The importance of understanding the concept of DC was verified. In fact, technological complexity has given rise to different needs. Thus, it was necessary to trace the history of related terms, such as Computational Literacy, Informational Literacy, Media Literacy and Digital Literacy. The majority of the authors treated digital competences as a set of elements, comprised of knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSAs), necessary for the subject to be able to use the technologies.摘要：本文对教育领域中的数字能力（Digital Competences，DC）概念开展了系统综述。本次研究共使用3个数据库：Capes论文与学位论文数据库（Capes Thesis and Dissertation Database）、Capes期刊数据库（Capes Journal Database）以及谷歌学术（Google Scholar），检索关键词包括数字能力（Digital Competences）、葡萄牙语语境下的数字能力以及英语语境下的数字能力（Digital Competence）。研究纳入1997年至2017年间发表的文献，并排除重复文本。在总计检索到的487篇文献中，依据其与研究领域的相关性及整体学术关注度筛选出40篇进行分析。研究证实了理解数字能力概念的重要性。事实上，技术复杂性催生了多样化的应用需求，因此有必要追溯相关术语的发展脉络，例如计算素养（Computational Literacy）、信息素养（Informational Literacy）、媒介素养（Media Literacy）以及数字素养（Digital Literacy）。绝大多数研究者将数字能力视为一套由知识、技能与态度（Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes，KSAs）构成的要素集合，是个体熟练使用技术所必需的素养。