DISCOURSE ANALYSIS AS A MODERN METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH

This article explores the fundamental aspects of discourse analysis as an essential approach in modern research. It examines how discourse analysis goes beyond traditional linguistic studies by focusing on language as a social practice closely connected to culture, history, and ideology. The paper outlines key theoretical foundations, major methods, and practical applications of discourse analysis across various fields, including linguistics, sociology, and media studies. In addition, the study highlights both the strengths and limitations of this approach. The findings emphasize the importance of discourse analysis in understanding how language constructs meaning, shapes identity, and reflects power relations in society.