Effects of IPTc on clinical malaria, defined as fever or history of fever with asexual P. falciparum parasitaemia of any density, severe malaria, and all-cause hospital admission.

aIRRs adjusted for age, sex, and village. Note the incidence rates relate only to the 3-mo surveillance period and are not an annual rate.bSevere malaria was defined according to the WHO definition [17] “presence asexual forms of P. falciparum and any other of danger signs of severe malaria in the absence of any other cause of illness.”cDeath rates per 1,000 child year.