Diverse farming systems and their impact on macro and microelement content of vegetables & crops.

Agriculture plays a vital role in the economy of any country. In this data agriculture activities are described in term of nutritional value of crops and vegetables in North India, Haryana. Crops and vegetables according to the climate of Haryana were shown in a field from 2019 to 2021 according to sowing season of each Rabi and Kharif crops. There were six seasons in three years. Four plots of 8.0 m × 8.0 m each of organic as well as conventional were used for sowing. Crops were chosen on the basis of their suitability to the climate of north India. Rabi crops included peas (Pisum sativum), berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum), mustard (Brassica nigra), onion (Allium cepa), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) and potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Kharif season included millet (Pennisetum glaucum), sesame (Sesamum indicum) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). From each season, crops were harvested and subsequently, their macro and micronutrient analysis were carried out. The comparison of macro elements such as K, P, Na, Ca, S and Mg and microelements Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, Zn and B in organic vs. conventional farming at the end of each season each year was done. Samples were prepared with the help of wet digestion method and then analysed by element analyzer and ICP-OES (Inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer).Descriptive statistics were performed using Graph Pad Prism software at a significance level of ≤ 0.05. Figures were plotted with Microsoft Excel. Data shows that mean of macroelements like potassium(3533 mg/kg), phosphorus( 282 mg/kg), magnesium(176 mg/kg) ,sodium( 282 mg/kg),sulphur( 390 mg/kg) and calcium(188 mg/kg) was found more in each mineral in case of organic farming as compared to conventional farming that are K(3317 mg/kg),P(240mg/kg),Mg(143 mg/kg), Na( 237 mg/kg), S ( 273 mg/kg) and Ca( 153 mg/kg).All data were calculated in term of mean, standard deviation and minimum and maximum value of minerals present in the crops and vegetables. Also, microelements mean in organic farming was found to be more Mn(2.12 mg/kg ),Cu( 0.670 mg/kg), Fe(4.16 mg/kg ), Al( 1.65 mg.kg),Zn(2.13 mg/kg) and B(1.65 mg/kg) as compared to conventional farming that contain Mn (0.787 mg/kg),Cu (0.393 mg/kg), Fe (2.48 mg/kg), Al (0.933 mg/kg), Zn (1.57 mg/kg) and B(0.593 mg/kg).So different macroelements and microelements can be analysed in organic as well as conventional farming to show that organic farming with the help of organic fertilizers like vermicompost and seaweed is an effective method of agriculture with low input. In conventional farming lot of chemical fertilizers like urea,diammonium phosphate (DAP) has been used from so many decades due to which health of soil and nutritional value of crops and vegetables are deteriorating at a high level. So organic farming can be a best alternative with cheap and cost effective inputs, fertile soil and a nutritious food as compared to conventional one.农业对任何国家的经济发展都至关重要。本数据集针对印度哈里亚纳邦（Haryana）北部的农业活动展开描述，聚焦该区域农作物与蔬菜的营养价值。研究依据拉比季（Rabi）与哈里夫季（Kharif）作物的播种周期，呈现了2019年至2021年间适配哈里亚纳邦气候的田间种植作物情况。三年间共涵盖六个种植季，实验设置四块面积均为8.0 m × 8.0 m的地块，分别采用有机种植与常规种植模式开展播种。 作物的选择基于其对北印度气候的适应性：拉比季作物包括豌豆（*Pisum sativum*）、埃及三叶草（berseem，*Trifolium alexandrinum*）、黑芥（*Brassica nigra*）、洋葱（*Allium cepa*）、胡芦巴（*Trigonella foenum graecum*）和马铃薯（*Solanum tuberosum*）；哈里夫季作物包括珍珠粟（*Pennisetum glaucum*）、芝麻（*Sesamum indicum*）和高粱（*Sorghum bicolor*）。 每个种植季结束后均对作物进行收获，并随后开展大量元素与微量元素分析。在每年每个种植季末，对比有机种植与常规种植模式下钾（K）、磷（P）、钠（Na）、钙（Ca）、硫（S）、镁（Mg）等大量元素，以及锰（Mn）、铁（Fe）、铜（Cu）、铝（Al）、锌（Zn）、硼（B）等微量元素的含量差异。 样品采用湿法消解方法制备，随后通过元素分析仪与电感耦合等离子体光发射光谱仪（ICP-OES，Inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer）进行成分分析。使用Graph Pad Prism软件开展描述性统计分析，显著性水平设定为≤0.05；图表通过Microsoft Excel绘制。 数据分析结果显示：相较于常规种植组的大量元素含量（钾3317 mg/kg、磷240 mg/kg、镁143 mg/kg、钠237 mg/kg、硫273 mg/kg、钙153 mg/kg），有机种植组的各类大量元素平均含量均更高，具体为钾3533 mg/kg、磷282 mg/kg、镁176 mg/kg、钠282 mg/kg、硫390 mg/kg、钙188 mg/kg。所有数据均以平均值、标准差以及作物和蔬菜中矿物质的最小、最大值进行统计计算。 微量元素方面，有机种植组的平均含量同样优于常规种植组：有机种植组的锰（2.12 mg/kg）、铜（0.670 mg/kg）、铁（4.16 mg/kg）、铝（1.65 mg/kg）、锌（2.13 mg/kg）、硼（1.65 mg/kg），均高于常规种植组的对应含量（锰0.787 mg/kg、铜0.393 mg/kg、铁2.48 mg/kg、铝0.933 mg/kg、锌1.57 mg/kg、硼0.593 mg/kg）。 本研究通过分析有机与常规种植模式下的大量与微量元素含量，证实借助蚯蚓粪、海藻等有机肥料的有机种植是一种低投入的高效农业模式。常规农业数十年来大量使用尿素、磷酸二铵（DAP）等化学肥料，导致土壤健康状况与作物蔬菜的营养价值持续快速恶化。相较于常规种植模式，有机农业凭借低成本投入、肥沃的土壤与更具营养的食品，可成为农业生产的最佳替代方案。