Comprehensive evaluation of genetic population structure for anadromous river herring with single nucleotide polymorphism data

Anthropogenic activities are placing increasing pressure on many species, particularly those that rely on more than one ecosystem. River herring (alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus and blueback herring, A. aestivalis collectively) are anadromous fishes that reproduce in rivers and streams of eastern North America and migrate to the western Atlantic Ocean. Here, we use data from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to provide a comprehensive analysis of population structure for both species of river herring throughout their native ranges. We sampled river herring spawning runs in rivers from Newfoundland to Florida, examining a total of 108 locations, and genotyping over 8000 fish. We identified geographic population groupings (regional genetic groups) in each species, as well as significant genetic differentiation between most populations and rivers. Strong correlations between geographic and genetic distances (i.e., isolation by distance) were found range-wide for both species, although t...人类活动对诸多物种施加了日益加剧的生存压力，尤以依赖多生态系统的物种为甚。河鲱（river herring，为美洲西鲱*Alosa pseudoharengus*与蓝背西鲱*A. aestivalis*的统称）属于溯河洄游鱼类，在北美东部的河流与溪流中繁殖，随后洄游至西大西洋海域。本研究依托单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs）数据，对两种河鲱在其整个原生分布范围内的种群结构开展全面解析。我们在从纽芬兰到佛罗里达的多条河流中采集河鲱产卵洄游群体样本，共计覆盖108个采样点，并完成了8000余尾个体的基因分型。研究在两个物种中均识别出地理种群集群（区域遗传类群），同时发现多数种群与河流间存在显著的遗传分化。两种物种在其整个分布范围内均呈现出地理距离与遗传距离间的强相关性（即距离隔离效应），尽管……