Clinical assessment of symptomatic malaria patients recruited in this study.

a.Total RNA extracted form Yunnan field isolates were used in diversity and distribution analysis of var-DBLα sequence at the time point of collection (“0” hr).b.Field isolates from Yunnan and Myanmar used in adaptive cultivation in vitro for ∼2 month, and measured of transcription profile and cytoadherent features during the course.c.Myanmar field isolates used in adaptive cultivation in vitro for ∼16 days, and measured of transcription profile in rings and trophozoites.d.The dominant var transcript at collection time.1.The dominant var transcripts were identified by cDNA cloning-sequencing strategy.2.Not done.3.The dominant var transcripts were identified by qRT-PCR with var subtype-specific primers.