Effects of Different Cultivation Models on the Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.sequence.zip

Objective. Although plant-soil interactions influence vegetation functional traits, the effects of different cultivation models on plant-soil interactions, particularly in shaping rhizosphere microbial communities and influencing plant phenolic compound accumulation, remain unclear. Methods.This study employed high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA and fungal ITS rDNA to assess the impact of three cultivation models including in situ cultivation (ISC), indoor cultivation (IC), and tissue culture (TC) on the diversity and community structure of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. rhizosphere soil microbes. Additionally, we explored the environmental drivers of phenotypic variations in secondary metabolite composition. Results. Soil pH, urease (URA), total potassium (TK), and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly correlated with the accumulation of Quercitrin, Kaempferol-3-O-glucorhamnoside, Isoquercitrin, and Chlorogenic acid in H. cordata. Moreover, these environmental factors significantly influenced the rhizosphere microbial taxa Saitozyma, Lysobacter, Gemmata, and Penicillium. Conclusion. IC presents a sustainable approach for H. cordata cultivation, enhancing rhizosphere soil fertility and health. Furthermore, pH, URA, TK, and TN serve as key environmental drivers of secondary metabolite phenotypic variation. These findings provide a foundation for establishing quality evaluation standards for H. cordata, ensuring stable pharmacological efficacy, and facilitating further functional applications.