Parkes observations for project P1338 semester 2024OCTS_05

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio bursts of extragalactic origin. Since the discovery of the first FRB in the archival Parkes/Murriyang multibeam data, a broad dichotomy in population has emerged. Some FRBs have been seen to be repeating, while others are not, despite a significant amount of follow-up using different radio telescopes. The repeating FRB 20240114A was recently discovered by CHIME/FRB, which has been seen to have an exceptionally high burst activity. Such extreme burst activity has not been seen in any other source. The repeating FRBs, such as FRB 20240114A, provide an unparalleled window into their circumburst environment due to their repeating nature, which can be used to constrain possible progenitor models and test underlying emission mechanisms. The previous Parkes/Murriyang source follow-up has also revealed intriguing spectro-polarimetric properties, such as frequency-dependent evolution of burst central frequency or chromaticity, a possible activity window, significantly large circular polarisation (CP), and frequency-dependent CP. These properties hold the key towards understanding the circumburst environment of the FRBs, and test possible progenitor models. A large bandwidth instrument with reliable polarimetry has been critical in uncovering these properties. The ultra-wideband low (UWL) receiver on Parkes/Murriyang is ideally suited to explore the source's wideband spectro-temporal and polarimetric behaviour. We propose a campaign to regularly follow up FRB 20240114A to ascertain its long-term evolution of spectro-temporal properties.快速射电暴（Fast radio bursts，FRBs）是一类起源于河外空间、持续时长仅为毫秒级的射电暴事件。自首次在存档的帕克斯/穆里扬多波束观测数据中发现第一例快速射电暴以来，该类源的群体已显现出显著的二分性特征：尽管已有大量利用不同射电望远镜开展的后续观测，但部分快速射电暴被证实具有重复爆发特性，其余则无重复爆发现象。重复暴源FRB 20240114A近期由CHIME/FRB项目发现，该源展现出异常高的爆发活动率，这类极端的爆发活动在其他任何射电暴源中均未被观测到。重复爆发的快速射电暴（如FRB 20240114A）凭借其重复爆发的特性，为研究其爆发周围环境提供了独一无二的观测窗口，可用于约束各类潜在的前身星模型并检验其核心辐射机制。此前针对帕克斯/穆里扬观测源的后续研究还揭示了诸多引人关注的光谱偏振特性，例如爆发中心频率的频率依赖演化（或称色色散特性）、可能存在的爆发活动窗口、显著极强的圆偏振（Circular Polarisation，CP）以及圆偏振随频率变化的现象。这些特性是破解快速射电暴爆发周围环境、验证各类潜在前身星模型的关键所在。具备可靠偏振测量能力的大带宽观测设备，是揭示上述特性的核心关键。帕克斯/穆里扬望远镜搭载的超宽频低噪声接收机（Ultra-Wideband Low，UWL），非常适合用于探究该源的宽频光谱时域与偏振行为特征。我们提议开展一项定期跟进观测FRB 20240114A的观测计划，以明确其光谱时域特性的长期演化规律。