Geochemical element data of different saline soil types in the Tarim River Basin, Northwest China

This dataset contains the geochemical composition of 141 surface soil samples (0–5 cm depth) collected from the Tarim River Basin, Northwest China. The samples represent various land-use types categorized by the degree of human intervention, including unused saline–alkali land (with and without vegetation), lightly disturbed riparian zones (reed wetlands and Populus euphratica forests), and intensively modified agricultural land (newly reclaimed and long-term cultivated farmland). For each of the 141 samples, the dataset provides: Major oxide concentrations (wt%): SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, CaO, MgO, K₂O, and Na₂O. Trace element concentrations (mg/kg): S, Cl, P, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, As, Pb, Sb, Rb, Sr, and Ba. Metadata: Sample IDs, geographical coordinates (latitude/longitude), and land-use classifications. These data were generated to evaluate how human activities (such as land reclamation, irrigation, and fertilization) have influenced soil salinization and geochemical cycling in arid terminal river basins. This dataset supports the findings of the study "Human activities have reduced soil salinization in the Tarim River Basin, Northwest China".本数据集收录了采集自中国西北塔里木河流域的141份表层土壤样品（0–5 cm深度）的地球化学组成数据。所获样品涵盖按人类干预程度划分的多种土地利用类型，包括未利用盐碱地（有植被覆盖与无植被覆盖两种情况）、轻度干扰的河岸带（芦苇湿地与胡杨林）以及高强度开发的农用地（新开垦耕地与长期耕作农田）。 针对该141份样品，本数据集提供以下内容： 1. 主氧化物含量（wt%）：二氧化硅（SiO₂）、三氧化二铝（Al₂O₃）、三氧化二铁（Fe₂O₃）、氧化钙（CaO）、氧化镁（MgO）、氧化钾（K₂O）及氧化钠（Na₂O）； 2. 微量元素含量（mg/kg）：硫（S）、氯（Cl）、磷（P）、钒（V）、铬（Cr）、钴（Co）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、锰（Mn）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）、锑（Sb）、铷（Rb）、锶（Sr）与钡（Ba）； 3. 元数据：样品编号、地理坐标（纬度/经度）以及土地利用分类信息。 本数据集旨在评估人类活动（如土地开垦、灌溉与施肥）对干旱尾闾河流域土壤盐渍化与地球化学循环的影响。该数据集可为研究论文《人类活动降低了中国西北塔里木河流域土壤盐渍化程度》的结论提供数据支撑。