Data from: Differential responses of marine communities to natural and anthropogenic changes

Responses of ecosystems to environmental changes vary greatly across habitats, organisms, and observational scales. The Quaternary fossil record of the Po Basin demonstrates that marine communities of Northern Adriatic reemerged unchanged following the most recent glaciation, which lasted ~100,000 years. The Late Pleistocene and Holocene interglacial ecosystems were both dominated by the same species, species turnover rates approximated predictions of resampling models of a homogenous system, and comparable bathymetric gradients in species composition, sample-level diversity, dominance, and specimen abundance were observed in both time intervals. The interglacial Adriatic ecosystems appear to have been impervious to natural climate change either due to their persistence during those long-term perturbations or their resilient recovery during interglacial phases of climate oscillations. In contrast, present-day communities of Northern Adriatic differ notably from their Holocene counterparts. The recent ecosystem shift stands in contrast to the long-term endurance of interglacial communities in face of climate-driven environmental changes.生态系统对环境变化的响应，会因栖息地、生物类群以及观测尺度的不同而存在显著差异。波河盆地的第四纪（Quaternary）化石记录显示，北亚得里亚海的海洋群落在持续约10万年的末次冰期结束后得以恢复，且未发生显著变化。晚更新世（Late Pleistocene）与全新世（Holocene）间冰期的生态系统均由同一类物种主导，物种更替率与均质系统重采样模型的预测结果相近；且在两个时间区间内，均观测到物种组成、样方水平多样性、优势度以及标本丰度具有相似的水深梯度分布特征。亚得里亚海的间冰期生态系统似乎不受自然气候变化的影响——这要么是因为它们在长期气候扰动中得以存续，要么是在气候振荡的间冰期阶段实现了具有恢复力的种群重建。与之形成对比的是，当前北亚得里亚海的海洋群落与全新世群落存在显著差异。此次近期的生态系统转变，与间冰期群落在气候驱动的环境变化下所展现出的长期存续能力形成鲜明反差。