FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPENDING ON BODY MASS INDEX IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases associated with chronic hyperglycemia and multiple systemic complications. Obesity and increased body mass index are considered important risk factors contributing to the progression of neurological complications in diabetic patients. The aim of this article is to study functional and structural changes of the central nervous system depending on body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The analysis demonstrates that increased body mass index aggravates metabolic disturbances, vascular dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neuronal damage, leading to cognitive impairment and structural brain alterations. Early diagnosis and комплексный management of obesity in diabetic patients may reduce the progression of central nervous system dysfunction.