SES Water Night Flow Monitoring

Key Definitions Dataset A structured and organized collection of related elements, often stored digitally, used for analysis and interpretation in various fields. Data Triage The process carried out by a Data Custodian to determine if there is any evidence of sensitivities associated with Data Assets, their associated Metadata and Software Scripts used to process Data Assets if they are used as Open Data. District Metered Area (DMA) The role of a district metered area (DMA) is to divide the water distribution network into manageable areas or sectors into which the flow can be measured. These areas provide the water providers with guidance as to which DMAs (District Metered Areas) require leak detection work. Leakage The accidental admission or escape of a fluid or gas through a hole or crack Night Flow This technique considers that in a DMA, leakages can be estimated when the flow into the DMA is at its minimum. Typically, this is measured at night between 2am and 4am when customer demand is low so that network leakage can be detected. Centroid The centre of a geometric object. Data History Data Origin Companies have configured their networks to be able to continuously monitor night flows using district meters. Flow data is recorded on meters and normally transmitted daily to a data centre. Data is analysed to confirm its validity and used to derive continuous night flow in each monitored area. Data Triage Considerations Data Quality Not all DMAs provide quality data for the purposes of trend analysis. It was decided that water companies should choose 10% of their DMAs to be represented in this data set to begin with. The advice to publishers is to choose those with reliable and consistent telemetry, indicative of genuine low demand during measurement times and not revealing of sensitive night usage patterns. Data Consistency There is a concern that companies measure flow allowance for legitimate night use and/or potential night use differently. To avoid any inconsistency, it was decided that we would share the net flow. Critical National Infrastructure The release of boundary data for district metered areas has been deemed to be revealing of critical national infrastructure. Because of this, it has been decided that the data set shall only contain point data from a centroid within the DMA. Data Triage Review Frequency Every 12 months, unless otherwise requested. Data Limitations Some of the flow recorded may be legitimate night-time usage of the network Some measuring systems automatically infill estimated measurements where none have been received via telemetry. These estimates are based on past flow. The reason for a fluctuation in night flow may not be determined by this dataset but potential causes can include seasonal variation in night-time water usage and mains bursts Data Publish Frequency Monthly关键定义 1. 数据集（Dataset）：经结构化整理的相关元素集合，通常以数字化形式存储，用于各领域的分析与解读工作。 2. 数据分拣（Data Triage）：由数据保管人执行的流程，用于判定作为开放数据使用的数据资产、其关联元数据以及用于处理数据资产的软件脚本是否存在敏感相关证据。 3. 分区计量区域（District Metered Area, DMA）：其作用是将供水配水管网划分为可管理的区域或区段，以便对区段内的流量进行计量。此类区域可为供水企业提供指引，明确哪些DMA需要开展漏损检测工作。 4. 漏损（Leakage）：流体或气体通过孔洞或裂隙意外进入或逸出的现象。 5. 夜间流量法（Night Flow）：该技术基于如下逻辑：在DMA中，当流入该区域的流量处于最低水平时，可估算管网漏损量。通常选择夜间2时至4时开展测量，此时用户用水需求较低，便于检测管网漏损情况。 6. 质心（Centroid）：几何对象的中心点。 数据历史与数据来源：各企业已配置其管网系统，可通过分区计量设备持续监测夜间流量。流量计记录流量数据，通常每日传输至数据中心。对数据进行分析以确认其有效性，并用于推导各监测区域的连续夜间流量值。 数据分拣考量事项 ### 数据质量 并非所有DMA均可提供适用于趋势分析的高质量数据。经研究决定，供水企业初期应从其管辖的DMA中选取10%纳入本数据集。相关发布建议为：选取遥测数据可靠且一致的区域，此类区域需在测量时段呈现真实的低用水需求，且不会暴露敏感的夜间用水模式。 ### 数据一致性 存在如下顾虑：不同企业对合法夜间用水及/或潜在夜间用水的流量核算标准存在差异。为避免不一致性，经研究决定，本数据集将仅提供净流量数据。 ### 关键国家基础设施（Critical National Infrastructure） 分区计量区域的边界数据被认定为可泄露关键国家基础设施信息。基于此，本数据集仅可包含DMA内部质心的点位数据。 数据分拣复查频率：每12个月复查一次，除非另有要求。 数据局限性：记录的部分流量可能属于管网合法夜间用水。部分测量系统会自动补填遥测未收到的估算数据，此类估算基于过往流量数据。本数据集无法确定夜间流量波动的具体原因，潜在成因包括夜间用水的季节性变化以及市政管道爆管。 数据发布频率：每月发布一次。