The morphological characteristics of the anterior teeth in relation to the facial biotype of Dominicans who visit the Dr René Puig Bentz dental clinic for diagnosis.

Dental morphology demonstrates that the shape of teeth is neither random nor arbitrary.
Rather, each shape is closely linked to the function that each tooth performs in
craniofacial development, chewing, phonetics, and aesthetics. Understanding the
morphology of healthy, intact teeth allows students and professionals in dentistry to
design biological preparations and restorations to treat damaged teeth. Facial biotype
refers to the morphological characteristics of the face and can be classified into three
categories dolichofacial, brachyfacial, and mesofacial according to the face's horizontal
and vertical proportions.
Morphological characterization of anterior teeth in relation to facial biotype is
fundamental to personalizing dental treatments, especially with regard to aesthetics and
prosthetic planning. These proportions can be determined using established facial
parameters.
This study was a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. It identified
morphological characteristics related to the facial biotype of Dominicans visiting the
diagnostic area of the Dr. René Puig Bentz Dental Clinic at Pedro Henríquez Ureña
National University. It was cross-sectional because the information was collected at a
single point in time.
The study was conducted with 759 patients who visited the diagnostic area of the Dr.
René Puig Bentz dental clinic. A calculation was made using the clinic's patient
database data from the September-December 2024 academic period to obtain the
sample. The sample was extracted from the patient population using the finite
population sample calculation, where N equals the population size, Z equals the
confidence level, p equals the probability of success or the expected proportion, q
equals the probability of failure, and d equals the precision (the maximum permissible
error in terms of proportion). This calculation resulted in a sample size of 257 patients.
Statistical analysis showed that there is no significant association between facial biotype
and dental morphology of the anterior incisors. This means that although some groups
have similarities, the shape of the face does not determine the shape of the teeth.
Based on these results, clinical practice in the Dominican Republic should adopt an
individualized approach. The choice of tooth shape should be based on more than just
facial biotype; additional factors such as gender, age, smile line, and each patient's

aesthetic expectations should also be considered to achieve functional and aesthetically
pleasing restorations.
These results confirm the null hypothesis (H0) of the study, which states that there is no
significant statistical relationship between facial biotype and anterior tooth morphology.
Therefore, the alternative hypothesis (H1) is rejected; there is a significant relationship
between anterior tooth morphology and facial biotype in Dominican patients who visit
the Dr. René Puig Bentz dental clinic.