Unveiling the Unique Bacteriome Signature of Halda River Fish: A 16S Metagenome Approach to Gut Microbiome Analysis

The Halda River is a significant waterway in the southeastern region of Bangladesh. It originates from the hilly streams of the Khagrachari district and passes through the Fatickchari, Hathazari, and Rouzan areas of the Chattogram district, covering a distance of 88 km before joining the Karnaphuli River. Each year, during April and May, species like Catla, Rohu, and Mrigal migrate here to spawn, making it vital for aquaculture and broodstock collection. The river also supports diverse fish and shellfish species, including the giant freshwater shrimp. Unique environmental conditions of the Halda influence the gut microbiome of resident fish, offering insights into ecological health. This project explores these microbial communities using 16S metagenomic sequencing to understand their role in fish health, digestion, immunity, and adaptation. Microbiome analysis will also act as an ecological biomarker, reflecting environmental stressors such as pollution or climate change. The findings will contribute to conservation strategies, ensuring the sustainability of both fish populations and the broader Halda River ecosystem.