Outcome of amniotic membrane transplantation for corneal diseases in a tertiary referral center

To investigate the outcome of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) performed in a tertiary referral cornea clinic and to define factors associated with reconstructive success. This retrospective analysis included 157 AMTs performed in 101 eyes of 96 adults. Only the first surgery of each eye (95 eyes of 90 patients) was included for statistical purposes. The primary outcome was post-operative epithelial closure within 8 weeks, and secondary outcomes were disease regression (8 weeks after epithelial closure) and re-AMT. Logistic regression models were used to assess (pre-)surgical variables for primary outcome. Eyes with limbal stem cell deficiency, pterygium or ocular surface neoplasia showed higher odds of epithelial closure within 8 weeks compared to eyes with ulcus (OR = 24.75, 95% CI 2.95–207.35, <i>p</i> = 0.0031). If corneal perforation was the indication for AMT surgery, this was associated with a decreased odds of primary healing compared to wound healing disorder (OR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.069–0.60, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Corneal disease recurrence was rare (two cases of corneal ulceration). AMT success is dependent on the severity of structural damage and related inflammation of the recipient cornea.