Raw data for A Generalized Analytical Model for Tidal Hydraulic Responses in Multilayered Leaky Aquifer Systems with Horizontal Zonal Heterogeneity

Over the past four decades, analytical solutions for tide-induced groundwater hydraulics in coastal leaky aquifers have been predominantly limited to one- or two-layer systems, often failing to address the complex heterogeneity patterns characterized by vertical layering and horizontal zonal variations in hydraulic properties. This study presents a generalized analytical model that accommodates an arbitrary number of leaky aquifer layers and horizontally segmented zones. To enhance its generality, the model integrates mixed boundary conditions at the lateral boundaries, zone-matched periodic-head boundary conditions at the top boundary, and tidal loading effects driven by top-boundary periodic head. The solution derivation begins with the formulation of a system of ordinary differential equations that govern either the steady-state or periodic component of the tidal aquifer head within each horizontal zone. The matrix eigenvalue analysis approach is employed to derive the general solutions, and a recursive formulation for the involved constant coefficients is established to ensure head and flux continuity across zone interfaces. To avoid matrix singularity arising from inversion computations, an innovative local coordinate system methodology is introduced. The accuracy of the analytical solution is verified against numerical simulations. Theoretical analysis reveals that the tidal hydraulic response is sensitive to both vertical layering and horizontal zonal heterogeneity. Most notably, concentrated leakage through the aquitard window functioning as a preferential conduit could cause a localized increase in the amplitude while a decrease in the phase shift of the tidal head in the adjacent aquifer with lower permeability, an anomalous tidal wave propagation phenomenon that is previously undocumented. The presented analytical framework demonstrates both generality and versatility in the investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions, offering valuable insights for groundwater management, protection, and engineering control in riparian regions.