CHALLENGES IN PRESERVING ICHTHYOFAUNAL DIVERSITY AND ENSURING ITS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE SHURKUL RESERVOIR

The conservation of ichthyofaunal diversity and the assurance of its sustainable development in the Shurkul Reservoir are currently considered among the most significant environmental challenges. In this region, the decline of fish species, changes in water quality, and increasing anthropogenic pressure are negatively affecting ecosystem balance. In addition, disruption of the hydrological regime and the reduction of natural habitats are leading to a decrease in biological diversity. Pollution factors resulting from human activities are contributing to changes in ichthyofaunal composition. At the same time, the irrational use of fish resources is slowing down their natural regeneration processes. Within the scope of this study, the necessity of sustainable aquatic ecosystem management, strengthening ecological monitoring, and implementing scientifically grounded management mechanisms is substantiated. The results indicate that a comprehensive approach is essential for maintaining biological diversity and ensuring sustainable development in the Shurkul Reservoir. The proposed recommendations, if applied in practice, will improve the ecological condition of the water body and enhance ichthyofaunal stability.