Feeding style of adolescent mothers and complementary feeding practice of their infants

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate feeding styles of adolescent mothers and complementary feeding practices of their infants. Methods A cross-sectional study comparing a group of dyads of 50 adolescent mothers (ages 15 to 19) with 62 adult mothers (ages 24 to 44) and their infants (9 to 24 months) was performed. All mothers and infants were assisted by three basic health family units in the city of Recife, Brazil. Data were collected through a structured interview on socioeconomic conditions, maternal styles of feeding the child, and evaluation of infant feeding practices. The food styles were classified as responsive, authoritative, and passive, according to the adapted form of Carvalhaes, Perosa and Silveira of 2009. The frequency of food intake was calculated for six food groups (1. Bread and cereals; 2. Fruits and vegetables; 3. Meat, eggs, and beans; 4. Milk and dairy products; 5. Sugars, sweets, and fats; 6. Industrialized food). Children’s anthropometry and body mass index by age were classified into Z-score according to the World Health Organization Standard Curves, 2006. Results Adolescent mothers began complementary feeding more frequently before the seventh month (.=0,02), presented less responsive (.=0.04) and more authoritarian feeding styles (.=0.01), and their children received more foods with sugars, oils, and fats (.=0.02), and less meat, eggs, and beans (.=0.06) than the children of adult mothers. Conclusion Adolescent mothers adopt less responsive eating styles and offer more inadequate complementary feeding for their infants.摘要 研究目的：评估青少年母亲的喂养方式及其婴幼儿的辅食喂养实践。 研究方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入50名15~19岁的青少年母亲与62名24~44岁的成年母亲，及其9~24月龄的婴幼儿，并对两组母婴配对样本进行比较。所有研究对象均来自巴西累西腓市的3个基础家庭卫生服务单元。通过结构化访谈收集社会经济状况、母亲喂养子女的方式以及婴幼儿喂养实践相关数据。参照2009年Carvalhaes、Perosa与Silveira改编的量表，将喂养方式分为回应型、权威型与被动型。对六大食物类别的摄入频率进行统计：1. 面包与谷类；2. 水果与蔬菜；3. 肉类、蛋类与豆类；4. 乳类及乳制品；5. 糖类、甜食与油脂；6. 加工食品。参照2006年世界卫生组织（World Health Organization, WHO）标准曲线，对儿童的人体测量学指标及年龄别体质指数进行Z评分分级。 研究结果：相较于成年母亲组，青少年母亲更常在婴幼儿7月龄前开始辅食添加（P=0.02），采用回应型喂养方式的比例更低（P=0.04），权威型喂养方式的比例更高（P=0.01）；其婴幼儿摄入更多糖类、油脂类食物（P=0.02），而肉、蛋与豆类的摄入更少（P=0.06）。 研究结论：青少年母亲采用的喂养方式回应性更低，且为婴幼儿提供的辅食喂养方案更不恰当。