Uncovering Mediator and Moderator Effects using Extended Theory of Planned Behavior on Food Safety Behavior among Adolescents in a Developing Country during COVID-19 Pandemic

Attitude, subjective norm, and PBC explains 63% of the variance in intention while these constructs and intention only explains 10.6% variance in food safety behavior. Food safety behavior derives from attitude (Beta = 0.248, CR = 1.996, p = 0.046) whereas the intention depends on subjective norm (Beta = 0.433, CR=2.669, p = 0.008) and PBC (Beta = 0.394, CR = 3.593, p < 0.001). As intention was not significant on food safety behavior in this study, intention do not play the role of mediation. Demographic characteristics were seen to moderate several relationships between the TPB constructs. Older (Beta= 0.345, p=0.027) adolescents were influenced by attitude when engaging in food safety behavior. Younger (Beta= 0.513, p=0.030) adolescents were affected by social pressure when intending to engage in food safety behavior. Older (Beta= 0.461, p< 0.001) female (Beta= 0.461, p< 0.001) adolescents were more confident when intending to perform food safety behavior.态度、主观规范与知觉行为控制（Perceived Behavioral Control，PBC）可解释行为意向63%的变异量，而上述构念与行为意向仅能解释食品安全行为10.6%的变异量。食品安全行为受态度正向预测（标准化回归系数Beta=0.248，临界比CR=1.996，p=0.046），而行为意向则由主观规范（Beta=0.433，CR=2.669，p=0.008）与知觉行为控制（PBC）共同决定（Beta=0.394，CR=3.593，p<0.001）。本研究中，行为意向对食品安全行为的影响未达统计学显著性水平，因此行为意向未发挥中介作用。人口统计学特征对计划行为理论（Theory of Planned Behavior，TPB）各构念间的多项关系存在调节效应。年龄较大的青少年（Beta=0.345，p=0.027）在参与食品安全行为时，其行为选择更易受态度因素影响；年龄较小的青少年（Beta=0.513，p=0.030）在形成食品安全行为意向时，更易受到社会压力的影响；年龄较大的女性青少年（Beta=0.461，p<0.001）在计划执行食品安全行为时，自信心显著更强。