General Household Survey, 1998-1999

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P><p>The <i>General Household Survey</i> (GHS), ran from 1971-2011 (the UKDS holds data from 1972-2011). It was a continuous annual national survey of people living in private households, conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). The main aim of the survey was to collect data on a range of core topics, covering household, family and individual information. This information was used by government departments and other organisations for planning, policy and monitoring purposes, and to present a picture of households, families and people in Great Britain. In 2008, the GHS became a module of the <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000024">Integrated Household Survey</a> (IHS). In recognition, the survey was renamed the <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=200019">General Lifestyle Survey</a> (GLF). The GLF closed in January 2012. The 2011 GLF is therefore the last in the series. A limited number of questions previously run on the GLF were subsequently included in the <a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=2000043" title="Opinions and Lifestyle Survey">Opinions and Lifestyle Survey</a> (OPN). <br>
<br>
<i>Secure Access GHS/GLF</i><br>
The UKDS holds standard access End User Licence (EUL) data for 1972-2006. A Secure Access version is available, covering the years 2000-2011 - see SN 6716 <i>General Lifestyle Survey, 2000-2011: Secure Access</i>.<br>
<br>
<i>History</i><br>
The GHS was conducted annually until 2011, except for breaks in 1997-1998 when the survey was reviewed, and 1999-2000 when the survey was redeveloped.&nbsp; Further information may be found in the ONS document <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/incomeandwealth/compendium/generallifestylesurvey/2013-03-07/40yearsofdatacollection/pdf">An overview of 40 years of data (General Lifestyle Survey Overview - a report on the&nbsp;2011 General Lifestyle Survey)</a>&nbsp;(PDF). Details of changes each year may be found in the individual study documentation.<br>
<br>
<i>EU-SILC</i><br>
In 2005, the European Union (EU) made a legal obligation (EU-SILC) for member states to collect additional statistics on income and living conditions. In addition, the EU-SILC data cover poverty and social exclusion. These statistics are used to help plan and monitor European social policy by comparing poverty indicators and changes over time across the EU. The EU-SILC requirement was integrated into the GHS/GLF in 2005. After the closure of the GLF, EU-SILC was collected via the <a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200017" title="Family Resources Survey">Family Resources Survey</a> (FRS) until the UK left the EU in 2020.</p><p><i>Reformatted GHS data 1973-1982 - Surrey SPSS Files</i><br>
SPSS files were created by the University of Surrey for all GHS years from 1973 to 1982 inclusive. The early files were restructured and the case changed from the household to the individual with all of the household information duplicated for each individual. The Surrey SPSS files contain all the original variables as well as some extra derived variables (a few variables were omitted from the data files for 1973-76). In 1973 only, the section on leisure was not included in the Surrey SPSS files. This has subsequently been made available, however, and is now held in a separate study, <i>General Household Survey, 1973: Leisure Questions</i> (SN 3982). Records for the original GHS 1973-1982 ASCII files have been removed from the UK Data Archive catalogue, but the data are still preserved and available upon request.&nbsp;</p><br>For the third edition of the study (July 2002), the depositor has supplied a retrospectively-calculated household weighting variable, WEIGHT98. This has been added to the household file. The documentation is unchanged.<br><B>Main Topics</B>:<BR><p>The main GHS consisted of a household questionnaire, completed by the Household Reference Person (HRP), and an individual questionnaire, completed by all adults aged 16 and over resident in the household. A number of different trailers each year covering extra topics were included in later (post-review) surveys in the series from 2000.</p><ul><li>The household questionnaire covered the following topics: household information, accommodation type, housing tenure/costs, and consumer durables including vehicle ownership.</li><li>The individual questionnaire included data from the household dataset, and additional sections on migration/citizenship/national identity/ethnicity, employment, pensions, education, health, child care, smoking, drinking, family information, financial situation, and income.<br></li></ul><br>For the first time in 1998, the GHS included questions asking about periods of cohabitation not leading to marriage. Topics also covered in 1998 included day care for children aged under 14 years, smoking, drinking and people aged 65 years and over.

<P>本摘要版权归英国数据服务中心（UK Data Service）及数据采集版权所有者所有。</P><p><i>通用家庭调查（General Household Survey，GHS）</i>于1971年至2011年开展，英国数据服务中心持有该调查1972年至2011年的数据集。该调查由英国国家统计局（Office for National Statistics，ONS）主持，是一项面向英国私人常住家庭的持续性年度全国性调查，核心目标是采集涵盖家庭、家庭成员及个人信息的多类核心主题数据。相关数据被政府部门及其他机构用于规划制定、政策评估与监测工作，同时用于全面展现大不列颠地区家庭、家庭成员及民众的生活图景。2008年，GHS并入<a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000024">综合家庭调查（Integrated Household Survey，IHS）</a>，并更名为<a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=200019">通用生活方式调查（General Lifestyle Survey，GLF）</a>。GLF于2012年1月正式停办，2011年的GLF调查为该系列的收官之作。此前GLF中的部分有限问题后续被纳入<a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=2000043" title="Opinions and Lifestyle Survey">观点与生活方式调查（Opinions and Lifestyle Survey，OPN）</a>。<br><br><i>受限访问GHS/GLF数据集</i><br>英国数据服务中心持有1972年至2006年的标准访问版最终用户许可协议（End User Licence，EUL）数据集。另有2000年至2011年的受限访问版本，详见编号SN 6716的《通用生活方式调查2000-2011：受限访问》。<br><br><i>调查历史</i><br>GHS自1971年起每年开展至2011年，期间曾两次暂停：1997年至1998年因调查评审工作暂停，1999年至2000年因调查重构工作暂停。更多详细信息可参阅英国国家统计局发布的《40年数据采集概览——2011年通用生活方式调查报告》（PDF），该文档可通过链接<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/personalandhouseholdfinances/incomeandwealth/compendium/generallifestylesurvey/2013-03-07/40yearsofdatacollection/pdf">获取</a>。各年度的调查变更细节可查阅对应研究的单独文档。<br><br><i>欧盟收入与生活条件统计（EU-SILC）</i><br>2005年，欧盟（EU）出台法律要求成员国采集收入与生活条件相关的额外统计数据，EU-SILC数据集同时涵盖贫困与社会排斥相关内容。此类统计数据用于对比欧盟各国的贫困指标及随时间变化的情况，辅助欧盟制定并监测社会政策。2005年，EU-SILC的采集要求被纳入GHS/GLF调查体系。GLF停办后，EU-SILC的数据采集工作通过<a href="http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/series/?sn=200017" title="Family Resources Survey">家庭资源调查（Family Resources Survey，FRS）</a>开展，直至英国2020年脱欧为止。</p><p><i>1973年至1982年重制版GHS数据集——萨里大学SPSS文件</i><br>萨里大学为1973年至1982年所有年份的GHS调查创建了SPSS格式文件。早期文件已完成重构，调查单位从家庭调整为个人，所有家庭信息会在每个个人条目下重复呈现。萨里大学的SPSS文件包含所有原始变量及部分额外衍生变量（1973年至1976年的数据集文件中省略了少量变量）。仅1973年的调查中，休闲相关模块未被纳入萨里大学的SPSS文件，不过该部分数据后续已公开，现单独收录于研究编号SN 3982的《1973年通用家庭调查：休闲问题》中。原始1973年至1982年GHS的ASCII格式文件的记录已从英国数据档案馆目录中移除，但数据仍被妥善保存，可通过申请获取。</p><br>2002年7月发布的第三版研究中，数据提交者提供了经回溯计算得到的家庭权重变量WEIGHT98，该变量已被添加至家庭数据集文件中，文档内容未作修改。<br><B>核心主题</B>:<BR><p>原版GHS调查包含两份问卷：由家庭参考人员（Household Reference Person，HRP）填写的家庭问卷，以及由家庭内所有16岁及以上常住成年人填写的个人问卷。2000年起的后续（评审后）系列调查中，每年都会增设若干覆盖额外主题的附加问卷模块。</p><ul><li>家庭问卷涵盖以下主题：家庭基本信息、住宿类型、住房权属/成本，以及包括车辆保有量在内的耐用消费品情况。</li><li>个人问卷包含家庭数据集的相关数据，以及移民/公民身份/国民身份/种族、就业、养老金、教育、健康、儿童看护、吸烟饮酒行为、家庭信息、财务状况与收入等额外模块。<br></li></ul><br>1998年的GHS调查首次增设了关于非婚同居时段的相关问题。1998年的调查还涵盖了14岁以下儿童的日间看护、吸烟饮酒行为以及65岁及以上人群相关主题。