Significant between group comparisons by taxon level.

P values indicated. Non-significant between group differences observed for: Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Fusobacteria, Planctomycetes, Tenericutes. Groups: NS, non-shifted standard chow diet; S, shifted standard chow diet; NSFS, non-shifted high-fat, high-sugar diet; SFS, shifted high-fat, high-sugar diet. *, significant between group differences; –, not significant; (+)/(-), indicates direction of the change.