Transcriptome Analysis of Preharvest Fruit Drop Signaling Pathways in Litchi

This project investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying preharvest fruit drop in litchi (Litchi chinensis), a significant issue affecting fruit yield and economic value. Utilizing two contrasting cultivars, 'Nuomici' (high fruit drop) and 'Huaizhi' (low fruit drop), we performed comprehensive transcriptome sequencing of various fruit tissues (pericarp, aril, seed) and abscission zones at critical stages of fruit development. Comparative transcriptomic analyses revealed differential gene expression patterns associated with hormone biosynthesis and signaling, transcription factor regulation, reactive oxygen species responses, and cell wall modification. These data provide crucial insights into the signaling pathways mediating preharvest fruit drop, including the inhibition of polar auxin transport, ethylene diffusion, and abscission zone activation. The findings contribute to our understanding of the 'remote control' mechanism by which fruit tissues regulate the abscission process. This dataset serves as a valuable resource for further research on fruit abscission in litchi and other fruit crops, potentially informing strategies to mitigate preharvest fruit drop and improve crop yield.