GABATLAS - Adori-Springbok Aquifer - Thickness and Extent
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## **Abstract** \n\nThis dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are presented here as originally supplied.The Adori-Springbok Aquifer - Thickness and Extent data sets, are part of a set that represents the hydrostratigraphic units of the Great Artesian Basin, which include five major aquifers, four intervening aquitards, and the Cenozoic cover to the GAB. \n\n\n\nThere are five layers in the Adori-Springbok Aquifer map data. \n\nA: Formation Extent \n\nB: Outcrop extent \n\nC: Isopach Raster \n\nD: Isopach Contours \n\nE: Data Point Locations \n\n\n\nThe datasets have been derived from the lithostratigraphic intercepts in drillhole data from petroleum exploration wells, water bores, and stratigraphic wells. Seismic correlation and assessment of hydrogeological character based on electrofacies have not been used. The working datasest for this study has been derived primarily from the following databases: \n\n1. PEPS-SA (Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia) (Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011) \n\n2. WaterConnect Groundwater database (Govt. of SA, 2011) \n\n3. QPED (Queensland Petroleum exploration database) (Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010). \n\n4. GABLOG (Great Artesian Basin Well Log Dataset) (Habermehl, 2001) \n\n5. Additional supplementary information was derived from published reports listed in the following section. \n\n\n\nThis is a regional interpretation for mapping at approximately 1:1 000 000 to produce a broad scale overview, and examination of small areas by collecting extra data is most likely to produce results that differ from this regional interpretation. \n\n\n\nThis dataset and associated metadata can be obtained from www.ga.gov.au, using catalogue number 81680. \n\n\n\nAssociated report reference: \n\nRansley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. and Stewart, G., 2014. Hydrogeological Atlas the Great Artesian Basin. Geoscience Australia. Canberra. \\[available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 79790\\] \n\n\n\nReferences - main data sources \n\n· Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA (2011). Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia (PEPS-SA). Version 2011-06-15. Retrieved from http://www.pir.sa.gov.au/petroleum/access_to_data/peps-sa_database \n\n· Geological Survey of Queensland (2010). Queensland Petroleum Exploration Data (QPED) database. Retrieved 25 September 2011, from\n\nhttp://mines.industry.qld.gov.au/geoscience/geoscience-wireline-log-data.htm. \n\n· Govt. of South Australia (2011). WaterConnect Groundwater database \\[available at https://www.waterconnect.sa.gov.au\\]. \n\n· Geoscience Australia, 2013. Mesozoic Geology of the Carpentaria and Laura Basins. Scale 1:6000000. Geoscience Australia, Canberra. \\[available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 75840\\] \n\n· Habermehl, M. A. (2001). Wire-line logged water bores in the Great Artesian Basin, Australia - digital data of logs and water bore data acquired by AGSO. Australian Geological Survey Organisation Bulletin 245. Canberra, Bureau of Rural Sciences: ix, 98 p.\n\n## **Dataset History** \n\nSOURCE DATA: \n\nData was obtained from a variety of sources, as listed below: \n\n1. WaterConnect Groundwater database (Govt. of SA, 2011) \n\n2. Great Artesian Basin Well Log Dataset (GABLOG) (Habermehl, M. A., 2001). \n\n3. Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia (PEPS-SA) (Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011). \n\n4. Queensland Petroleum Exploration Database (QPED) (Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010). \n\n5. Well completion and drill log reports (see references in abstract) \n\n6. Other reports (see references in abstract) \n\n7. Seismic surveys and associated reports (see seismic references section in abstract) \n\n\n\nMETHOD: \n\nFormation Extent \n\nExtents were based on drillhole data from GABLOG (Habermehl, M. A., 2001), PEPS-SA (Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011), QPED (Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010) and WaterConnect Groundwater database (Govt. of SA, 2011). Extent lines were adjusted to envelop all intercepts of the Hydrostratigraphic unit. This produced some varied and irregular shapes, some patchy regions, and required some interpretation to establish the most likely extent boundary. \n\n\n\nOutcrop Extent \n\nOutcrop extents came from 'Hydrogeology of the Great Artesian Basin Australia' (Habermehl & Lau, 1997) for the Eromanga and Surat sub-basins. For the Carpentaria Basin, Mesozoic Geology of the Carpentaria and Laura Basins (Geoscience Australia, 2013) was used. \n\n\n\nIsopach Raster \n\nSource point thickness values calculated from drillhole intercepts were extrapolated using the ESRI ANUDEM Topo-To-Raster surface modeller. Zero thickness constraints were applied at the known extent of the aquifer/aquitard, except in cases where the formation extends beyond the GAB boundary (for example the Precipice formation on the eastern side of the GAB, where the formation is quite thick and is exposed as a cliff). In these cases, constraints were not applied and the software was allowed to model a thickness right up to the GAB boundary. Resulting grids were modified using the ESRI Grid Calculator to set the minimum thickness to 0, and clipped to the aquifer/aquitard extent. \n\n\n\nIsopach Contour \n\nIsopach contours were calculated from the Adori-Springbok aquifer thickness grid using the ESRI Contour Tool. These were calculated at 50m intervals. In most cases the zero contour lines generated by the tool were replaced by the extent of the aquifer due to the erratic nature of the generated lines. In cases where the aquifer/aquitard is thick at the extent, the zero isoline is outside the extent and is not mapped in that area. Isopachs were clipped to the aquifer/aquitard extent. \n\n\n\nData Point Locations \n\nData Point Locations have been derived from the bore hole data collected for this project. Only the location has been included.\n\n\n\nSOFTWARE: \n\nAll modifications/edits and geoprocessing were performed using ESRI ArcGIS 10 software. \n\n\n\nQAQC: \n\nData sets were searched for errors such as negative thickness, missing data, incorrectly calculated thickness, aquifers/aquitards with missing formations, and false XY data. The data was given a second Q&A after the thickness grids had been calculated. This involve plotting the points and the thickness grid and looking carefully for bad values. Sometimes a false outlier value would cause a 'bullseye' effect on the grid. To check the veracity, nearby data would be compared, and if necessary the original data would be searched check the value. Some petroleum fields would have wildcat picks at certain bore holes and these were compared with nearby boreholes and adjusted or deleted. Additionally, if whole subregions had suspect values the data was check to ensure the relevant data had all been included. Finally, data sets were also checked to ensure the bore whole data recorded the full thickness of the Aquifer. In many cases water bores only go down until a suitable water source is found and often will not penetrate the whole aquifer. This data was considered on a case by case basis, in areas where plenty of suitable data was available they were removed, and in areas of sparse borehole data they were included to establish the occurrence of the formation albeit as a minimum thickness value. \n\n\n\nData has undergone a QAQC verification process in order to capture and repair attribute and geometric errors.\n\n\n\nSee "Metadata.pdf" for complete metadata\n\n## **Dataset Citation** \n\nGeoscience Australia (2015) GABATLAS - Adori-Springbok Aquifer - Thickness and Extent. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 07 December 2018, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/6df0da09-5e9f-4656-b2f8-b87e5dbfde92.
摘要 本数据集及其元数据声明由第三方提供给生物区域评估计划（Bioregional Assessment Programme），此处按原始提交状态呈现。阿多里-斯普林博克含水层（Adori-Springbok Aquifer）厚度与范围数据集，属于表征大自流盆地（Great Artesian Basin, 以下简称GAB）水文地层单元的数据集组之一，该数据集组包含5个主要含水层、4个过渡性弱透水层（aquitard）以及GAB的新生代盖层。 阿多里-斯普林博克含水层地图数据包含5个图层： A：地层范围（Formation Extent） B：露头范围（Outcrop Extent） C：等厚栅格（Isopach Raster） D：等厚等值线（Isopach Contours） E：数据点位置（Data Point Locations） 本数据集组源于石油勘探井、供水井以及地层井的钻孔数据中的岩石地层截获数据，未使用基于电相（electrofacies）的水文地质特征地震对比与评估方法。本研究的工作数据集主要源于以下数据库： 1. 南澳州初级产业与区域部（Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011）提供的南澳石油勘探与生产系统（Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia, 简称PEPS-SA） 2. 南澳州政府（Govt. of SA, 2011）维护的WaterConnect地下水数据库 3. 昆士兰州地质调查局（Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010）提供的昆士兰州石油勘探数据库（Queensland Petroleum Exploration Database, 简称QPED） 4. 大自流盆地测井数据集（Great Artesian Basin Well Log Dataset, 简称GABLOG）（Habermehl, 2001） 5. 额外补充信息源于下文列出的已发表报告。 本数据集为比例尺约1:1000000的区域解译成果，用于提供宏观概览；若通过收集额外数据对小范围区域进行细致研究，所得结果大概率与本区域解译成果存在差异。 本数据集及相关元数据可通过澳大利亚地质科学局（Geoscience Australia）官网www.ga.gov.au获取，目录编号为81680。 相关报告参考文献： Ransley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. and Stewart, G., 2014. 《大自流盆地水文地质图集》（Hydrogeological Atlas the Great Artesian Basin）。澳大利亚地质科学局，堪培拉。[可通过www.ga.gov.au获取，目录编号79790] 主要数据源参考文献： · 南澳州初级产业与区域部（2011）。《南澳石油勘探与生产系统（PEPS-SA）》，版本2011-06-15，获取自http://www.pir.sa.gov.au/petroleum/access_to_data/peps-sa_database · 昆士兰州地质调查局（2010）。《昆士兰州石油勘探数据（QPED）数据库》，2011年9月25日获取自http://mines.industry.qld.gov.au/geoscience/geoscience-wireline-log-data.htm · 南澳州政府（2011）。WaterConnect地下水数据库[可访问https://www.waterconnect.sa.gov.au获取] · 澳大利亚地质科学局，2013。《卡奔塔利亚与劳拉盆地中生代地质》，比例尺1:6000000，澳大利亚地质科学局，堪培拉。[可通过www.ga.gov.au获取，目录编号75840] · Habermehl, M. A.（2001）。《澳大利亚大自流盆地测井供水井——澳大利亚地质调查局（Australian Geological Survey Organisation, AGSO）获取的测井与供水井数字数据》，澳大利亚地质调查局公报245，堪培拉，农村科学局：ix, 98页。 ## 数据集历史 ### 源数据 数据来源于以下多种渠道： 1. WaterConnect地下水数据库（南澳州政府，2011） 2. 大自流盆地测井数据集（GABLOG）（Habermehl, M. A., 2001） 3. 南澳石油勘探与生产系统（PEPS-SA）（南澳州初级产业与区域部，2011） 4. 昆士兰州石油勘探数据库（QPED）（昆士兰州地质调查局，2010） 5. 钻井完井与测井报告（详见摘要中的参考文献） 6. 其他报告（详见摘要中的参考文献） 7. 地震勘探及相关报告（详见摘要中的地震参考文献部分） ### 制作方法 #### 地层范围 范围依据GABLOG（Habermehl, M. A., 2001）、PEPS-SA（南澳州初级产业与区域部，2011）、QPED（昆士兰州地质调查局，2010）以及WaterConnect地下水数据库（南澳州政府，2011）的钻孔数据确定。范围线经调整以覆盖水文地层单元的全部截点，由此形成形态各异、局部零散的区域，需通过解译确定最合理的范围边界。 #### 露头范围 埃罗曼加与苏拉特次盆地的露头范围源于《澳大利亚大自流盆地水文地质》（Habermehl & Lau, 1997）；卡奔塔利亚盆地的露头范围则采用《卡奔塔利亚与劳拉盆地中生代地质》（澳大利亚地质科学局，2013）中的数据。 #### 等厚栅格 基于钻孔截点计算的源点厚度值，通过ESRI ANUDEM地形转栅格表面建模工具进行外推。在已知的含水层/弱透水层范围边界处施加厚度为0的约束条件，但当地层延伸超出GAB边界时除外（例如GAB东侧的Precepice地层，该地层厚度较大且以悬崖形式出露）。此类情况不施加约束，允许软件建模至GAB边界。生成的栅格通过ESRI栅格计算器进行修正，将最小厚度设为0，并裁剪至含水层/弱透水层的范围。 #### 等厚等值线 通过ESRI等值线工具，基于阿多里-斯普林博克含水层厚度栅格计算得到等值线，等值线间距设置为50米。由于工具生成的零值等值线存在不规则性，多数情况下将其替换为含水层范围。当含水层/弱透水层在边界处厚度较大时，零值等值线会位于边界外侧，该区域不会绘制该等值线。所有等厚线均裁剪至含水层/弱透水层的范围。 #### 数据点位置 数据点位置源于本项目收集的钻孔数据，仅保留点位坐标信息。 ### 软件工具 所有修改、编辑与地理空间处理均采用ESRI ArcGIS 10软件完成。 ### 质量控制与质量保证（QAQC） 数据集已排查负厚度、数据缺失、厚度计算错误、含水层/弱透水层缺失地层以及XY坐标错误等问题。在厚度栅格计算完成后，开展第二轮质量核查：通过绘制点位与厚度栅格，仔细识别异常值。有时异常的离群值会在栅格中形成“靶心”效应，此时将对比邻近数据点进行核查，必要时回溯原始数据验证数值准确性。部分油气田的部分钻孔会存在野猫井试钻数据，需与邻近钻孔对比后进行调整或删除。此外，若整个次区域的数据存在可疑值，将核查相关数据是否全部纳入。最后，还需检查钻孔数据是否记录了含水层的完整厚度：多数供水井仅钻探至找到合适水源的位置，通常不会穿透整个含水层。此类数据将按具体情况处理：在数据充足的区域，此类数据将被剔除；在钻孔数据稀疏的区域，将保留该数据以确定地层的存在，此时仅将其作为最小厚度值。 本数据集已通过QAQC验证流程，以捕获并修正属性与几何误差。 完整元数据请参阅"Metadata.pdf"文件。 ## 数据集引用 澳大利亚地质科学局（2015）。GABATLAS - 阿多里-斯普林博克含水层——厚度与范围。生物区域评估源数据集。2018年12月7日查阅，http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/6df0da09-5e9f-4656-b2f8-b87e5dbfde92.
