<i>Harmonized, Standardized, and Corrected Crowd-Sourced Low-Cost Sensor </i>PM_2.5<i>Data f</i><i>rom </i><i>Sensor.community and PurpleAir Networks </i><i>Across Europe</i>

Low-Cost Air Quality Sensors (LCS) are compact, affordable devices designed to measure various air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM_2.5, PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ozone (O₃), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Unlike traditional reference monitoring stations, which are large, expensive, and often located in fixed positions, LCSs are more accessible option for air quality monitoring, particularly for community and citizen engagement. LCSs can be installed in diverse locations, including neighborhoods, schools, and community centers. Many LCS networks provide (near) real-time data.LCSs have certain limitations in terms of accuracy and reliability compared to reference monitoring network data, especially when they are citizen-operated. This dataset provides Quality Controlled (QC) PM_2.5 measurements from LCSs at two processing levels: raw and corrected, at European scale. These measurements were processed using a framework called FILTER — Framework for Improving Low-Cost Technology Effectiveness and Reliability. FILTER has been applied to PM_2.5 data from the two largest citizen-operated LCS networks in Europe: sensor.community (https://sensor.community/en/) and PurpleAir (https://www2.purpleair.com/).The longitude and latitude of each unique sensor location are provided in a separate CSV table called “Sensor_Location”. Users can locate sensor IDs within their region of interest and then identify the desired sensors from the dataset based on the table names. For convenience, the sensors are organized by the country ISO 3166-1 three letter codes (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3). More Information is Provided in <b>Read Me (Data Descriptor)</b> file.DisclaimerIf the original low-cost sensor data from Sensor.Community or PurpleAir is required, we refer users to the original APIs of those sensor networks. This dataset, however, is more suitable for users who need quality-controlled/flagged data along with corrected values at hourly resolution.NILU makes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, concerning the provided data and information, including but not limited to any warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. NILU assumes no responsibility or legal liability concerning the data’s accuracy, reliability, completeness, timeliness, or usefulness.<br>

低成本空气质量传感器（Low-Cost Air Quality Sensors, LCS）是一类紧凑便携、经济实惠的设备，可用于检测多种空气污染物，包括细颗粒物（particulate matter, PM₂.₅、PM₁₀）、二氧化氮（nitrogen dioxide, NO₂）、臭氧（ozone, O₃）以及挥发性有机化合物（volatile organic compounds, VOCs）。与体积庞大、成本高昂且多固定部署的传统参考监测站不同，LCS为空气质量监测提供了更具可及性的解决方案，尤其适用于社区及公众参与式监测场景。LCS可部署在居民区、学校、社区中心等各类场所。诸多LCS网络可提供（近）实时监测数据。

相较于参考监测网络的观测数据，LCS在精度与可靠性层面存在一定局限，尤其是在由公众自主运维的场景下。本数据集提供了欧洲范围内两个处理层级（原始数据与校正后数据）的经质量控制（Quality Controlled, QC）的PM₂.₅观测数据。上述数据通过名为FILTER——即“提升低成本技术有效性与可靠性框架（Framework for Improving Low-Cost Technology Effectiveness and Reliability）”的处理框架完成校正。FILTER已被应用于欧洲两大公众运维的LCS网络的PM₂.₅数据：sensor.community（https://sensor.community/en/）与PurpleAir（https://www2.purpleair.com/）。

每个唯一传感器点位的经纬度信息存储于单独的CSV表格"Sensor_Location"中。用户可先通过该表格定位目标区域内的传感器编号，再据此从数据集中筛选所需传感器。为便于使用，本数据集按照ISO 3166-1三位字母国家代码（ISO 3166-1 alpha-3）进行分类组织。更多详细信息可参见<b>Read Me (Data Descriptor)</b>文件。

免责声明
若需获取Sensor.Community或PurpleAir的原始低成本传感器数据，请前往对应传感器网络的官方API接口。本数据集更适用于需要经质量控制/标记数据，且需小时级分辨率校正值的用户。
NILU对本数据集及相关信息不作任何明示或默示的担保，包括但不限于适销性或特定用途适用性的担保。NILU不对本数据集的准确性、可靠性、完整性、时效性或实用性承担任何责任或法律责任。<br>

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供欧洲范围内来自Sensor.community和PurpleAir网络的低成本传感器PM2.5数据，经过FILTER框架进行质量控制和校正处理，包括原始和校正两个级别。数据按国家ISO代码组织，并包含传感器位置信息，适用于需要质量控制后PM2.5数据的用户，例如空气质量监测和公民科学研究。