RHOG GTPase cycle

This pathway catalogues RHOG guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activator proteins (GAPs), GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) and RHOG effectors. RHOG is a RAC-related RHO GTPase, ~70% identical to RAC1 (Vincent et al. 1992, de Curtis 2008). RHOG is broadly expressed in different tissue types. It regulates the cytoskeleton, acting either upstream of or in parallel to RAC1. RHOG regulates cell polarity, adhesion, migration and invasion, contributing to the formation of lamellipodia and invadopodia (Gauthier-Rouvière et al. 1998, Al-Koussa et al. 2020). The ortholog of RHOG is required for neuronal development in C. elegans (de Curtis 2008). RHOG is involved in VEGF signaling and angiogenesis (El Baba et al. 2020). RHOG cooperates with RAC1 and CDC42 in malignant cell transformation (Roux et al. 1997) and may contribute to invasiveness of cancer cells (Al-Koussa et al. 2020).

本路径图收录了RHOG鸟苷酸交换因子（GEFs）、GTP酶激活蛋白（GAPs）、GDP解离抑制剂（GDIs）以及RHOG效应因子。RHOG是一种与RAC相关的RHO GTP酶，其序列与RAC1具有约70%的同源性（Vincent et al. 1992, de Curtis 2008）。RHOG在多种组织类型中广泛表达。它调节细胞骨架，其作用位置或位于RAC1上游，或与RAC1平行。RHOG调控细胞极性、粘附、迁移和侵袭，参与了 lamellipodia 和 invadopodia 的形成（Gauthier-Rouvière et al. 1998, Al-Koussa et al. 2020）。在秀丽隐杆线虫中，RHOG的直系同源基因对于神经元发育至关重要（de Curtis 2008）。RHOG参与VEGF信号传导和血管生成（El Baba et al. 2020）。RHOG与RAC1和CDC42协同作用，参与恶性细胞转化（Roux et al. 1997），并可能对癌细胞的侵袭性产生影响（Al-Koussa et al. 2020）。