Pairwise ANCOVAs of the humerus.

Abbreviations: HLHAPW, humerus length against anteroposterior width; HLHMLW, humerus length against mediolateral width; HLHDPCW, humerus length against deltopectoral crest width; Ank, Ankylosauria; Bi, basal bipedal ornithischians; Cer, Ceratopsidae; Had, Hadrosauridae; Mar, Marginocephalia; Orn, Ornithopoda; Steg, Stegosauria; Thy, Thyreophora; p(same), the probability that the adjusted means of the two groups differ, cells highlighted in bold are those comparisons that can be statistically distinguished at the p = 0.002 level; p(HoS), the probability that the slopes of the two groups are the same, cells highlighted in bold are those comparisons that can be statistically distinguished at the p = 0.002 level. P = 0.002 is the significance level applied using the Bonferroni correction for multiple pairwise comparisons.