Data for: Amazon Multi-Elemental Timber Analysis

The dataset comprises multielemental data obtained through Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) from wood samples of three commercially valuable tropical species (Hymenaea courbaril – jatobá, Handroanthus sp. – ipê, and Manilkara huberi – maçaranduba) collected from multiple sites within the Brazilian Legal Amazon. Elemental concentrations (including Ca, Sr, Cr, Cu, Zn, B, among others) were measured at five radial positions across the wood disks (from pith to bark), enabling the assessment of both intra- and inter-site variations. The dataset was used for multivariate statistical analyses, particularly Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which revealed that average elemental profiles—especially those based on intermediate trunk portions (25% to 75%)—provide high geographic discrimination power. This dataset supports forensic and environmental studies by enabling the development of robust scientific methods to trace the geographic origin of tropical timber, thereby contributing to the fight against illegal logging and strengthening environmental monitoring efforts.