Replication Data for: Bipartisanship in the Shadow of China’s Rise: The Effect of External Threats on Internal Unity in the US Congress

In recent years, political analysts and media observers claim that taking a harder line against China has become one of the few remaining bipartisan issues left in a highly partisan US Congress. However, a closer look at China-related bills and resolutions reveals significant variation in the level of bipartisan support they receive. While some China-related legislation receives support from both Democratic and Republican lawmakers, others are supported by members of only one party. Under what conditions can Democrats and Republicans collaborate to deal with threats posed by China? In this research note, we examine two conditions under which the two parties jointly support a China-related measure. First, the proposed legislation is not related to US domestic affairs. Second, if the legislation is related to US domestic affairs, neither party claims the ownership of the issue addressed by the legislation. We created and analyzed a novel dataset that encompasses China-related legislation in the US House of Representatives between 2009 and 2022. Our empirical results show that bipartisan collaboration on China’s threats depends on the nature of the issue.近年来，政治分析人士与媒体观察家均指出，在党派对立愈发严重的美国国会中，对华采取强硬立场已成为为数不多的两党共识议题之一。然而，仔细审视涉华法案与决议便可发现，它们获得的两党支持度存在显著差异：部分涉华立法同时得到民主党与共和党议员的支持，而另一些则仅获单一政党议员的背书。那么，在何种条件下，两党能够携手应对中国带来的挑战？本研究笔记聚焦两类可促成两党共同支持涉华举措的条件：其一，拟议立法不涉及美国国内事务；其二，若立法涉及美国国内事务，则两党均未宣称对该议题拥有主导权。我们构建并分析了一套全新数据集，涵盖2009年至2022年间美国众议院的所有涉华立法。实证结果表明，针对中国相关威胁的两党合作程度，取决于议题的本质属性。