Data for: A Probabilistic Model for Distinguishing between Sheep and Goat Postcranial Remains

The R script contains a script for the analyses and visualizations in Wolfhagen and Price (2017). Allows users to reformat the two CSV data files and calculate posterior probabilities that specimens are goats with additional SOM from Wolfhagen and Price (2017). The two .CSV files contain trait states for sheep/goat specimens from the Iron Age size of 'Ain Dara (Syria) and Middle Bronze Age site of Tell Sakhariya (Iraq). Traits are those published in Zeder, M. A., & Lapham, H. A. (2010). Assessing the reliability of criteria used to identify postcranial bones in sheep, Ovis, and goats, Capra. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37(11), 2887-2905, doi:10.1016/j.jas.2010.06.032. Each assemblage was originally analyzed and reported in other reports: 'Ain Dara: analyzed by Carol Frey and Curtis Marean, published in Frey, C. J., & Marean, C. W. (1999). Mammal Remains. In E. C. Stone, & P. E. Zimansky (Eds.), The Iron Age Settlement of 'Ain Dara, Syria: Survey and Surroundings (pp. 123-137, BAR International Series, Vol. 786). Oxford: Archaeopress. ISBN: 1841711039 Tell Sakhariya: analyzed by Katheryn Twiss, published in Twiss, K. C. (in press). Animals of the Sealands: ceremonial activities in the southern Mesopotamian "Dark Age". Iraq. The columns for each site record the following: Record: ID number assigned to the specimen by the original analysts. Site: name of the archaeological site Anatomy: code for the element of each specimen. The following codes are used: ASTR - Astragalus, CALC - Calcaneus, HUM - distal humerus, MP - metapodial, MT - metatarsal, MC - metacarpal, PH1 - first phalanx, PH2 - second phalanx, RADD - distal radius, RADP - proximal radius, TIB - distal tibia. Original ID: original identification made by the original analyst. The following codes are used: Capra - Capra hircus, Ovis - Ovis aries, O/C - indeterminate Ovis aries/Capra hircus, Bovid/Cervid - indeterminate bovid or cervid. C1, C2, C3, C4: trait states for specimen, based on the traits in Zeder and Lapham (2010) for different elements. The following codes are used: CAPRA - Capra hircus morphology, OVIS - Ovis aries morphology, O/C or C/O: indeterminate morphology between the two states, - insufficiently preserved to determine morphological state.本R脚本包含用于复现Wolfhagen与Price（2017）研究中分析与可视化的代码。支持用户对两份CSV（逗号分隔值文件，Comma-Separated Values）数据文件进行格式重构，并可结合Wolfhagen和Price（2017）的SOM（补充在线材料，Supplemental Online Material），计算各标本属于家山羊的后验概率。 两份CSV数据文件收录了来自叙利亚‘艾因达拉（‘Ain Dara）铁器时代遗址与伊拉克泰尔萨卡利亚（Tell Sakhariya）中青铜时代遗址的绵羊/山羊标本的性状状态数据。所用性状源自Zeder, M. A. 与 Lapham, H. A.（2010）发表的研究：《评估绵羊属（Ovis）与山羊属（Capra）肢骨鉴定标准的可靠性》，刊载于《考古科学杂志》（*Journal of Archaeological Science*），2010年，第37卷第11期，第2887-2905页，DOI（数字对象标识符，Digital Object Identifier）: 10.1016/j.jas.2010.06.032。 两处遗址的标本群最初均由其他研究人员分析并发表： 1. ‘艾因达拉遗址：由Carol Frey与Curtis Marean分析，相关成果发表于Frey, C. J. 与 Marean, C. W.（1999）的《哺乳动物遗骸》，收录于E. C. Stone与P. E. Zimansky主编的《叙利亚艾因达拉铁器时代聚落：调查与周边环境》（*The Iron Age Settlement of 'Ain Dara, Syria: Survey and Surroundings*），第123-137页，BAR国际系列（British Archaeological Reports International Series）第786卷，考古出版社（Archaeopress），ISBN: 1841711039。 2. 泰尔萨卡利亚遗址：由Katheryn Twiss分析，相关成果即付刊于《伊拉克》（*Iraq*）的《滨海地带动物：美索不达米亚南部"Dark Age"的仪式活动》（*Animals of the Sealands: ceremonial activities in the southern Mesopotamian "Dark Age"*）。 各遗址数据列的含义如下： - Record（编号）：原始分析人员为标本分配的ID号。 - Site（遗址）：考古遗址名称。 - Anatomy（解剖部位）：标本所属骨骼元素的编码，所用编码如下： ASTR：距骨（Astragalus），CALC：跟骨（Calcaneus），HUM：远端肱骨，MP：肢节骨（metapodial），MT：跖骨（metatarsal），MC：掌骨（metacarpal），PH1：第一节趾骨，PH2：第二节趾骨，RADD：远端桡骨，RADP：近端桡骨，TIB：远端胫骨。 - Original ID（原始鉴定）：原始分析人员给出的初始鉴定结果，所用编码如下： Capra：家山羊（Capra hircus），Ovis：家绵羊（Ovis aries），O/C：无法确定归属的绵羊/山羊，Bovid/Cervid：无法确定归属的牛科或鹿科动物。 - C1、C2、C3、C4：标本的性状状态，基于Zeder与Lapham（2010）中针对不同骨骼元素的性状标准设定，所用编码如下： CAPRA：家山羊形态特征，OVIS：家绵羊形态特征，O/C或C/O：两种类群间形态特征无法判定，（横杠/空值）：保存状况不佳，无法确定形态特征。