UAS remote sensing (AltaX platform): Red-green-blue (RGB) imagery, thermal infrared (TIR) imagery, and canopy reflectance (Level 0 data), Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2022

Airborne remote sensing data collected using Brookhaven National Laboratory’s (BNL) heavy-lift unoccupied aerial system (UAS) AltaX platform on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA. This package includes raw (L0) data from 10 flights flown over the NGEE-Arctic Kougarok mile marker 64 (MM64) and Teller MM 27 sites in July, 2022. The AltaX is a multi-sensor UAS platform that simultaneously measures very high spatial resolution optical red/green/blue (RGB) and thermal infrared (TIR) surface “skin” temperature imagery, as well as near-surface surface reflectance at 1 nm intervals in the visible to near-infrared spectral range from ~350 – 1000 nm. This package provides the Level 0 (raw, unprocessed) data collected by the platform and sensors. Ancillary aircraft data, flight mission parameters, and general flight conditions provided by the onboard flight and data collection computers are also included. Data and metadata are provided as text (*.txt, *.json), binary (*.dat, *.ulg), tabular (*.csv), geospatial (*.kml. *kmz), image (*.jpg, *.png, *.tif) and pdf formats. The metadata documents contain flight campaign, platform, sensor, flight and file metadata, along with a description of the L0 data and the file naming scheme. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a 15-year research effort (2012-2027) to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).本数据集为采用美国布鲁克海文国家实验室（Brookhaven National Laboratory，BNL）的重载无人航空系统（Unoccupied Aerial System，UAS）AltaX平台，于美国阿拉斯加州苏厄德半岛采集的机载遥感数据。本数据包包含2022年7月在下一代北极生态系统实验（Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic，NGEE-Arctic）的Kougarok 64英里标记（MM64）与特勒27英里标记（MM27）站点开展的10次飞行任务所获取的原始（L0级）数据。AltaX是一款多传感器无人机平台，可同步采集极高空间分辨率的光学红绿蓝（Red/Green/Blue，RGB）与热红外（Thermal Infrared，TIR）地表“表皮”温度影像，同时在约350~1000nm的可见光至近红外光谱范围内，以1nm间隔测量近地表反射率。本数据包提供该平台与传感器采集的L0级（原始未处理）数据，同时附带机载飞行与数据采集计算机记录的辅助飞行数据、飞行任务参数及常规飞行工况。数据与元数据以文本（*.txt、*.json）、二进制（*.dat、*.ulg）、表格型（*.csv）、地理空间（*.kml、*.kmz）、影像（*.jpg、*.png、*.tif）及PDF格式提供。元数据文档包含飞行项目、平台、传感器、飞行及文件元数据，同时对L0级数据与文件命名规则进行说明。下一代北极生态系统实验（Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic，NGEE Arctic）是一项为期15年（2012-2027年）的研究计划，旨在通过建立对富碳北极生态系统的预测性认知及其对气候的反馈机制，降低地球系统模型的不确定性。该项目由美国能源部生物与环境研究办公室资助。NGEE Arctic设有两处野外研究站点：1）位于阿拉斯加州乌特恰维克（原巴罗）附近北坡的巴罗环境观测站（Barrow Environmental Observatory，BEO）北极多边形苔原沿海区域；2）位于阿拉斯加州诺姆以北苏厄德半岛不连续多年冻土区的多处区域。通过观测、实验及与现有数据集的综合分析，NGEE Arctic为多尺度建模提供了增强型知识库，并助力美国能源部地球系统模型——能源极端尺度地球系统模型（Energy Exascale Earth System Model，E3SM），尤其是其陆面模型组件（ELM），在全球泛北极尺度下改进过程表征能力。