Figures_thematic analysis of key themes that emerged from participants’ responses including current uses of KwaShushu Hot Spring

The figures showcase the thematic analysis of key themes that emerged from participants’ responses including; current uses of KwaShushu Hot Spring, perceived CBNRM benefits and perceived current KwaShushu Management Strategy.Figure 1 highlights the current uses of the hot springs. These uses highlight the different ways the community interacts with the KwaShushu Hot Spring. This interaction helps us understand how Community-Based Natural Resource Management can balance cultural, health, and recreational needs with sustainable tourism growth.Figure 2 shows the main benefits that the community and stakeholders see in Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM). One of the most notable benefits is the chance for partnerships. This allows local communities, government agencies, and private sectors to work together on resource management and development.Figure 3 illustrates the management strategy of KwaShushu Hot Springs; it shows a layered approach to resource governance. The community leads planning and oversight. Local people participate in tourism and daily use. The Inkosi offers traditional oversight and guidance. Areas labelled no one represent zones that are currently unmanaged or open access. This framework highlights both shared responsibilities and gaps where stronger management may be needed.