Spatiotemporally-completed reconstruction of precipitation during the Holocene over the Northern Hemisphere using paleoclimate data assimilation

(1) Data Content: Spatiotemporally complete reconstruction of annual precipitation during the Holocene (i.e., 12-0 ka BP) over the Northern Hemisphere. Based on the sources of the prior ensembles, the dataset comprises three distinct reconstructions, namely PDA (TraCE), PDA (HadCM) and PDA (Mixed), each of which contains: 1) 200 precipitation reconstructions derived from the Monte Carlo realizations for each experimental group, and 2) the corresponding mean and ±1 standard deviation calculated from each set of 200 reconstructions. (2) Data Production Method: We reconstructed annual precipitation fields for the Northern Hemisphere during the Holocene using a paleoclimate data assimilation system. This involved assimilating 2,421 Holocene precipitation records from the LegacyClimate 1.0 dataset. In our experiment, we utilized the time-averaged Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnIO) data assimilation algorithm. The static prior ensemble of states was constructed from either the TraCE 21 ka BP or the HadCM 23 ka transient climate simulations, or a combination of both in a mixed approach. The data have a temporal resolution of 100 years and a spatial resolution of 3.75°. All prerequisite materials for conducting the PDA-based reconstruction experiments - including prior model simulations, Holocene precipitation records, and Matlab codes- are publicly available on Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17354887). Please contact the author Miao Fang (E-mail: [e-mail]) for more information about the details of the reconstructions.