Impact of source characterization, structure, and building type on the shape of macroseismic region of 1990 7.3 Mw Rudbar, Iran Earthquake

This dataset supports the analysis of the mechanisms responsible for the asymmetrical macroseismic distribution of the 1990 Mw 7.3 Rudbar earthquake. The event ruptured an ~80 km long, near-vertical left-lateral strike-slip fault, yet produced a damage zone exhibiting significant asymmetry both along and across the fault strike. This study investigates the physical processes—namely source effects, seismic wave propagation, and building typology—that controlled the observed damage patterns. The data consists of two primary components. The rudbar_cluster_data.tar.gz file contains seismic phase arrival times (each event stored in a corresponding .mnf file) and all ancillary files for the mloc program, including station coordinates (stn.dat), the velocity model (rudbar.cr), and the program's output files. The relocation of the aftershock sequence using this data revealed a southeast-trending rupture directivity and greater moment release in the eastern fault segment, explaining the along-strike asymmetry. The Villages_City_Killed_Destructed_Corrected.csv file is a comprehensive macroseismic inventory detailing building damage and fatalities per settlement; this data was used to produce Figures 2, 3, 4, Table 1, and Tables S2/S3. The spreadsheet headers explain each column. Collectively, this data enables the interpretation of how source rupture properties, seismic wave propagation, and local site conditions controlled the observed damage patterns.本数据集用于分析1990年Mw7.3级鲁德巴（Rudbar）地震的宏观地震分布不对称性成因机制。此次地震破裂了一条长约80千米、近乎直立的左旋走滑断层，但形成的破坏带沿断层走向及垂直走向方向均呈现显著不对称性。本研究聚焦于控制该观测破坏模式的三类物理过程：震源效应、地震波传播以及建筑类型。本数据集包含两个核心组成部分：rudbar_cluster_data.tar.gz文件包含地震震相到时数据（每个地震事件存储于对应的.mnf文件中），以及mloc程序所需的全部辅助文件，包括台站坐标文件（stn.dat）、速度模型文件（rudbar.cr）以及该程序的输出文件。利用该数据对余震序列进行重定位后，结果显示断层呈现东南向的破裂方向性，且断层东段的矩释放量更大，这解释了沿断层走向的破坏不对称性成因。Villages_City_Killed_Destructed_Corrected.csv文件为一份全面的宏观地震调查清单，详细记录了各居民点的建筑破坏情况与死亡人数；该数据用于绘制图2、图3、图4以及表1和补充表S2、S3。电子表格的表头对每一列数据均有说明。综上，本数据集可用于阐释震源破裂特性、地震波传播以及局部场地条件如何控制观测到的破坏模式。