Spearman rank correlation coefficients for comparisons between participant characteristics and main outcomes as well as blood biomarker levels.

Pairwise case deletion was used for missing observations. Abbreviations: ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme. BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory II. CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting. COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. hs-CRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. IL-6 = interleukin-6. NYHA = New York Heart Association. S-100B = S-100 calcium-binding protein B. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001. †Acute Δ refers to the primary outcome, acute change in depressive symptom severity, defined as the intra-subject difference between BDI-II scores at baseline and discharge. ‡Delayed Δ refers to the secondary outcome, delayed change in depressive symptom severity, defined as the intra-subject difference between BDI-II scores at baseline and six-month follow-up. §Total Δ refers to the intra-subject difference in blood biomarker levels between baseline and 2 days postoperative. ||Within 7 days before the index procedure. ††Missing data (from left to right): n = 3; n = 1; n = 3; n = 2; n = 2; n = 3; n = 2; n = 3; n = 2. ‡‡Missing data (from left to right): n = 0; n = 1; n = 3; n = 2; n = 2; n = 3; n = 2; n = 3; n = 3. §§Missing data (from left to right): n = 0; n = 1; n = 0; n = 0; n = 0; n = 0; n = 0; n = 0; n = 0. Spearman rank correlation coefficients for comparisons between participant characteristics and main outcomes as well as blood biomarker levels.